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Symptoms and Signs- Differential Diagnosis of Platelets Reduced Production Bone marrow failure Platelets 79 Myeloma, myelofibrosis, marrow infiltration (lymphoma, carcinoma), anaemia (megaloblastic, aplastic), leukaemia Drugs: (cytotoxics, chloramphenicol, alcohol), radiotherapy Reduced Megakaryocytes: chemicals, drugs (e.g. co-trimoxazole), viral infection Increased Destruction/consumption Autoimmune (ITP) SLE, CLL, lymphoma Infections (malaria, viral, e.g. HIV) Drugs (e.g. analgesics, antibiotics, anticonvulsant, anti-diabetics, heparin, quinine, quinidine) DIC, TIP, HUS Sequestration: splenic pooling due to splenomegaly Dilutional loss (massive transfusion of stored blood) Artifactual: blood clotting in the samplep Functional disorders Bernard-Soulier disease Glanzmann's thrombasthenia Storage pool disease Liver disease, myeloproliferative disorders, paraproteinaemia, aspirin, uraemia Increased Platelets (thrombocytosis) Secondary Blood loss Infection Inflammation (e.g. Kawasaki's disease) Mailgnancy (e.g. Hodgkin's disease) Splenectomy Trauma/surgery Primary Essential thrombocythaemia Polycythaemia vera Myelofibrosis (initially, later thrombocytopenia) Myelodysplasia CML 
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Photodistributed rash Dermatomyositis Drugs, e.g. amiodarone, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, griseofulvin, phenothiazines, chloroquine Pellagra Polymorphous light eruption Porphyria cutanea tarda SLE  Symptoms and Signs - Differential Diagnosis of Pes cavus Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Friedreich's ataxia Homocysteinuria Poliomyelitis Spina bifida Syringomyelia  Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pericarditis Drugs: hydralazine, isoniazid Idiopathic Infection (viral, e.g. coxsackie, EBV, varicella, mumps, HIV; bacterial, e.g. Streptococcus, TB; fungal) Inflammatory/connective tissue diseases: rheumatoid arthritis, SLE Malignancy Myocardial infarction Myxoedema Radiotherapy Surgery/trauma Uraemia  Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Percussion note Dull Collapse Consolidation Fibrosis Pleural effusion (stony dull) Pleural thickening Hyper-resonant COPD (hyperinflation) Pneumothorax  ymptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pelvic girdle pain Degenerative disc disease (with facet impingement or nuclear prolapse) Meralgia paraesthesia Osteoarthritis of hip Sacroiliitis Trochanteric bursitis  Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pathological fractures Benign tumours: bone cysts, chondroma Congenital: osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia Malignancy: primary, secondary, myeloma Osteomalacia Osteomyelitis Osteoporosis Paget's disease of bone  Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Parotid enlargement Bilateral Sj0gren's syndrome Sarcoidosis Lymphoma Infection: mumps, HIV Diabetics, hypertriglyceridaemia Anorexia Alcoholics Acromegaly Unilateral Tumours, e.g. benign mixed parotid tumour, Warthin's tumour Cysts Calculi Bacterial infection  Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Paraproteinaemia Waldenstr0m's macroglobulinaemia Primary amyloidosis Multiple myeloma Monoclonal gammopathy (benign paraproteinaemia) Lymphoma, leukaemia Heavy chain disease  Symtpms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Paraesthesiae Spinal cord disease, e.g. cord/nerve root compression, multiple sclerosis Rarely: cortical/thalamic lesions Peripheral neuropathy, e.g. diabetes mellitus, alcoholism etc. Peripheral nerve entrapment/compression, e.g. cervical rib, carpal tunnel syndrome, disc herniation) Hypocalcaemia, e.g. in respiratory alkalosis, hypomagnesaemia  |
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