​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Lyme Disease ( Borrelia burgdorferi)

i​Infectious Diseases and Miceobiology - Lyme Disease ( Borrela burgdorferi) 
Lyme Disease
Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is Gram-negative spirochete.
 Bite  from soft-bodied ticks are the means of transmission from reservoirs of small mammals. To ensure effective transmission, a 24-48-hour extended epidemiology exposure is necessary.

agent that causes Lyme disease. A bull's-eye rash (erythema Manifestations migrans) with a distinct center that may be accompanied by chills, fever, and myalgia is the hallmark of stage 1 illness. The symptoms of stage 2 disease, which appears weeks to months later, can include myocarditis, meningitis, encephalitis, limb numbness, and Bell's palsy. Stage 3 disease involves chronic involvement of the skin, neurological system, or joints and can manifest months to years later.

The most widely used diagnostic technique is the use of serologic tests. Diagnose darkfield microscopy and stained preparations of thick smears of peripheral blood that are dehemoglobinized or thin can be used to observe spirochetes.

Symptoms and stage will determine the best course of treatment, but common ones include doxycycline, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, and penicillin G. 

Avoiding tick bites, eliminating ticks quickly, using insect repellents, and putting on barriers of protective clothes are all part of prevention. For those who pose a high risk, a vaccine is available.