Pathology – Ectopic Pregnancy

Pathology – Ectopic Pregnancy
Definition: When a fertilized ovum implants abnormally outside of the uterus. Almost all of them take place in the ampullary region of the Fallopian tubes. Rarely, other locations include the abdominal cavity and ovaries.

The study of epidemiology • The incidence is 12 per 1000 pregnancies annually and is on the rise. The cause • The most frequent risk factor is tubal scarring from prior PID episodes. • Endometriosis and prior tubal surgery are additional risk factors. • Roughly half happen for no apparent reason.

The pathogenesis • There is severe bleeding into the Fallopian tube when trophoblasts are implanted there. • The tubal wall may rupture abruptly or gradually; the embryo may become dislodged and be absorbed by the wall or shed.

Presentation: • Sudden rupture results in an acute abdomen with peritonism and shock; • Typical presentation is progressively growing stomach discomfort and vaginal bleeding. 2. If a woman of reproductive age experiences stomach pain, take the diagnosis into consideration. Macroscopy • There is a noticeable dilatation and congestion of the affected Fallopian tube. • Friable material and blood fill the tubal lumen. Histopathology: The Fallopian tube contains chorionic villi and infiltrating extravillous trophoblasts.

Prognosis: If the diagnosis is made and the proper treatment is administered, the prognosis is favorable. • A increased risk of subsequent ectopic pregnancies is linked to having one ectopic pregnancy.