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Legal Terms - Council housing
Local governments, particularly district and London borough councils, who are responsible for meeting housing needs in their respective areas as housing authorities, offer rental residential accommodation. For this aim, authorities may purchase and construct new properties. Although the distribution and maintenance of housing stock are generally left to their own discretion, the Housing Act of 1980—which has since been repealed—granted their renters some degree of tenancy security and established certain priorities, such as those for the homeless. The federal government also imposes financial constraints, such as limitations on the percentage of capital receipts that can be used to develop homes. The "Right to Buy" refers to a tenant's discounted ability to buy the long lease of a council apartment or the freehold of a council house. The 1988 Housing Act included provisions whereby council
If renters like, housing can be moved into a private rental building. The Housing and Regeneration Act 2008 introduced a new regulatory framework for social housing, giving tenants of local authorities more control over the management of their homes, altering the way housing services are delivered (including leveling the playing field for military personnel seeking housing from local authorities), and reforming the Right to Buy Scheme. Additional social housing measures are included in the Housing and Planning Act of 2016, which also mandates the sale of specific local government assets and eliminates *secure tenancies for the majority of new leases. Additionally, the Right to Buy is extended to tenants of housing associations.
Local governments, particularly district and London borough councils, who are responsible for meeting housing needs in their respective areas as housing authorities, offer rental residential accommodation. For this aim, authorities may purchase and construct new properties. Although the distribution and maintenance of housing stock are generally left to their own discretion, the Housing Act of 1980—which has since been repealed—granted their renters some degree of tenancy security and established certain priorities, such as those for the homeless. The federal government also imposes financial constraints, such as limitations on the percentage of capital receipts that can be used to develop homes. The "Right to Buy" refers to a tenant's discounted ability to buy the long lease of a council apartment or the freehold of a council house. The 1988 Housing Act included provisions whereby council
If renters like, housing can be moved into a private rental building. The Housing and Regeneration Act 2008 introduced a new regulatory framework for social housing, giving tenants of local authorities more control over the management of their homes, altering the way housing services are delivered (including leveling the playing field for military personnel seeking housing from local authorities), and reforming the Right to Buy Scheme. Additional social housing measures are included in the Housing and Planning Act of 2016, which also mandates the sale of specific local government assets and eliminates *secure tenancies for the majority of new leases. Additionally, the Right to Buy is extended to tenants of housing associations.
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Legal Terms - Council of Europe
a European consortium promoting multilateral collaboration amongst the majority of European states, not simply those in the EU. The justices of the European Court of Human Rights are chosen by the Council of Europe parliament. The preservation of pluralist liberal democracy and economic stability in Europe is the Council's primary responsibility. To this end, member states have agreed that upholding individual rights is one of the most important ways to accomplish these goals, if not the most important. As stipulated in the Council of Europe Constitution, every member state is required to guarantee “the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons within its jurisdiction.” The European Convention on Human Rights (1950) and the European Social Charter (1961) are two human rights treaties that were created to carry out this clause.
a European consortium promoting multilateral collaboration amongst the majority of European states, not simply those in the EU. The justices of the European Court of Human Rights are chosen by the Council of Europe parliament. The preservation of pluralist liberal democracy and economic stability in Europe is the Council's primary responsibility. To this end, member states have agreed that upholding individual rights is one of the most important ways to accomplish these goals, if not the most important. As stipulated in the Council of Europe Constitution, every member state is required to guarantee “the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons within its jurisdiction.” The European Convention on Human Rights (1950) and the European Social Charter (1961) are two human rights treaties that were created to carry out this clause.
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Legal Terms- Council of the European Union (Council of Ministers)
The EU body that is principally responsible for policy creation and the adoption of *Community law, working with the *European Commission and *European Parliament. Each state holds the president of the Council, which is composed of one representative from each of the Community's member nations (usually the foreign minister, though other ministers may also attend to discuss specific issues).
successively for intervals of six months. A Committee of Permanent Representatives (COREPER) provides services to the Council. This body, which is composed of senior state civil servants, is primarily responsible for elucidating national sentiments in order to support the Council in making decisions. It also resolves noncontroversial issues on behalf of the Council. The Council makes decisions either by qualified majority voting (qmv) or by unanimous vote (see also VETO). A measure cannot be passed under QMV unless it obtains the backing of 55% (72%) of the member states, or 65% or more of the total population of the EU.
The EU body that is principally responsible for policy creation and the adoption of *Community law, working with the *European Commission and *European Parliament. Each state holds the president of the Council, which is composed of one representative from each of the Community's member nations (usually the foreign minister, though other ministers may also attend to discuss specific issues).
successively for intervals of six months. A Committee of Permanent Representatives (COREPER) provides services to the Council. This body, which is composed of senior state civil servants, is primarily responsible for elucidating national sentiments in order to support the Council in making decisions. It also resolves noncontroversial issues on behalf of the Council. The Council makes decisions either by qualified majority voting (qmv) or by unanimous vote (see also VETO). A measure cannot be passed under QMV unless it obtains the backing of 55% (72%) of the member states, or 65% or more of the total population of the EU.
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Legal Terms - Council of the Inns of Court
a group that meets with the Bar Standards Board, the *Bar Council, and representatives from the four *Inns of Court to develop and coordinate professional policy. In cases where the Bar Council and the Council of the Inns of Court cannot agree, the Bar Council's policy takes effect provided that two-thirds of the bar's members agree with it. Panels are also constituted by the Council to address barrister disciplinary issues.
a group that meets with the Bar Standards Board, the *Bar Council, and representatives from the four *Inns of Court to develop and coordinate professional policy. In cases where the Bar Council and the Council of the Inns of Court cannot agree, the Bar Council's policy takes effect provided that two-thirds of the bar's members agree with it. Panels are also constituted by the Council to address barrister disciplinary issues.
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Legal Terms - council tax
a type of municipal tax intended to help pay for local government expenses that is imposed on all private households, with very few exceptions. The responsibility lies with the home's occupant (Local Government Finance Act 1992). A home is assigned to one of the eight price categories (A to H) based on its estimated freehold worth. The local council sets the band's charge, which in turn affects the amount of council tax that must be paid.
Discounts (e.g., 25% off when an adult occupies the property and 100% off when a home is occupied by full-time students), low-income assistance, and disability reductions (e.g., when homes are modified for the needs of disabled individuals) can all be used to lower the amount owed. The council tax is an individual expense. The person who was assessed council tax stays liable for any unpaid amounts even after ownership of the property is transferred.
a type of municipal tax intended to help pay for local government expenses that is imposed on all private households, with very few exceptions. The responsibility lies with the home's occupant (Local Government Finance Act 1992). A home is assigned to one of the eight price categories (A to H) based on its estimated freehold worth. The local council sets the band's charge, which in turn affects the amount of council tax that must be paid.
Discounts (e.g., 25% off when an adult occupies the property and 100% off when a home is occupied by full-time students), low-income assistance, and disability reductions (e.g., when homes are modified for the needs of disabled individuals) can all be used to lower the amount owed. The council tax is an individual expense. The person who was assessed council tax stays liable for any unpaid amounts even after ownership of the property is transferred.
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Legal Terms - counsel
1. n. A lawyer, or lawyers as a group. 2. v. To counsel or assist a principal to commit a crime under criminal law.
In criminal law, counseling is one type of accessory culpability. Regardless of whether the accessory's advice was directly tied to the principal's offense, they could still be held accountable for counseling the principal about their crime (R v Calhaen [1985] QB 808).
1. n. A lawyer, or lawyers as a group. 2. v. To counsel or assist a principal to commit a crime under criminal law.
In criminal law, counseling is one type of accessory culpability. Regardless of whether the accessory's advice was directly tied to the principal's offense, they could still be held accountable for counseling the principal about their crime (R v Calhaen [1985] QB 808).
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Legal Terms - Counselors of State
Persons designated under the Regency Acts 1937 to 1953 to perform royal duties in the event that the sovereign is temporarily absent from the United Kingdom or unwell but not completely incompetent (in which case the tasks transfer to a *regent). The sovereign appoints them by a letter patent, which must outline the responsibilities assigned to them. These shall not include the power to dissolve Parliament, unless specifically directed by the sovereign, or the authority to appoint new peers. The spouse of the sovereign and the next four heirs to the throne (apart from anyone who is ineligible to serve as Regent or who plans to travel during the delegation period) are the individuals to be appointed.
Persons designated under the Regency Acts 1937 to 1953 to perform royal duties in the event that the sovereign is temporarily absent from the United Kingdom or unwell but not completely incompetent (in which case the tasks transfer to a *regent). The sovereign appoints them by a letter patent, which must outline the responsibilities assigned to them. These shall not include the power to dissolve Parliament, unless specifically directed by the sovereign, or the authority to appoint new peers. The spouse of the sovereign and the next four heirs to the throne (apart from anyone who is ineligible to serve as Regent or who plans to travel during the delegation period) are the individuals to be appointed.
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Legal Terms -costs in any event
an order for costs rendered in *interim proceedings that stipulates that, regardless of the trial's result, the winner of the relevant hearing will get payment for the costs of that phase of the proceedings.
an order for costs rendered in *interim proceedings that stipulates that, regardless of the trial's result, the winner of the relevant hearing will get payment for the costs of that phase of the proceedings.
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Legal Terms -costs in the case
a cost order rendered in *interim proceedings that directs the costs of the relevant hearing to be paid in line with the final trial's cost order. Usually, this means that the party that loses the lawsuit as a whole will pay them.
a cost order rendered in *interim proceedings that directs the costs of the relevant hearing to be paid in line with the final trial's cost order. Usually, this means that the party that loses the lawsuit as a whole will pay them.
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Legal Terms - costs officer
the court official or judge who, after a thorough *assessment of costs, decides how much is due. The costs officer may be a district judge, an authorized officer of a county court, a costs judge (an official of the Senior Courts, formerly known as a taxing master), a district registry, the Principal Registry of the Family Division, or the Senior Courts Costs Office.
the court official or judge who, after a thorough *assessment of costs, decides how much is due. The costs officer may be a district judge, an authorized officer of a county court, a costs judge (an official of the Senior Courts, formerly known as a taxing master), a district registry, the Principal Registry of the Family Division, or the Senior Courts Costs Office.
