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Legal Terms - Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod
a member of the House of Lords whose title comes from the ebony staff of office, which has a gilded lion on it. The position was first created in the fourteenth century as an usher of the Order of the Garter; the parliamentary appointment began in 1522. Black Rod is in charge of keeping the House in order and calls Commons members into the Lords to hear a speech from the throne.
a member of the House of Lords whose title comes from the ebony staff of office, which has a gilded lion on it. The position was first created in the fourteenth century as an usher of the Order of the Garter; the parliamentary appointment began in 1522. Black Rod is in charge of keeping the House in order and calls Commons members into the Lords to hear a speech from the throne.
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Legal Terms - Blasphemy
Blasphemy refers to statements or writings that, in an offensive or insulting manner, dispute the reality of the Christian religion, the Bible, the Book of Common Prayer, or the existence of God. Blasphemy and blasphemous
Libel used to be considered criminal offenses under common law in the entire United Kingdom. It was not necessary to prove a desire to shock or insult, or a knowledge that the utterance was blasphemous. Nevertheless, the occurrence of prosecutions for blasphemy significantly declined during the 20th century. In fact, both offenses were completely eliminated in England and Wales by the enactment of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008. In 2021, the Scottish Parliament decided to eliminate the punishment of blasphemy and simultaneously introduced a new offense called "stirring up hatred" based on religious grounds. Blasphemy continues to be considered a criminal offense under the common law in Northern Ireland.
Blasphemy refers to statements or writings that, in an offensive or insulting manner, dispute the reality of the Christian religion, the Bible, the Book of Common Prayer, or the existence of God. Blasphemy and blasphemous
Libel used to be considered criminal offenses under common law in the entire United Kingdom. It was not necessary to prove a desire to shock or insult, or a knowledge that the utterance was blasphemous. Nevertheless, the occurrence of prosecutions for blasphemy significantly declined during the 20th century. In fact, both offenses were completely eliminated in England and Wales by the enactment of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008. In 2021, the Scottish Parliament decided to eliminate the punishment of blasphemy and simultaneously introduced a new offense called "stirring up hatred" based on religious grounds. Blasphemy continues to be considered a criminal offense under the common law in Northern Ireland.
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Legal Terms - Bill of Exchange
An unconditional written order, signed by the person giving it, addressed from one person (the drawer) to another (the drawee), requiring the drawee to pay a specified amount of money to the bearer or to the payee on demand or at a predetermined future time. The drawee indicates his *acceptance, making him the party principally accountable upon the bill if it is payable at a later date; the drawer and endorsers may also be liable upon a bill. One person can transfer an enforceable right to a certain amount of money to another by using bills of exchange. Not only is a bill of exchange transferable, but it can also be negotiated since, in due course, the *holder who receives the bill from the person without an enforceable right to the money gains good title to it. The Bills of Exchange Act of 1882 and the Cheques Act of 1992 codify a significant portion of the law pertaining to bills of exchange.
An unconditional written order, signed by the person giving it, addressed from one person (the drawer) to another (the drawee), requiring the drawee to pay a specified amount of money to the bearer or to the payee on demand or at a predetermined future time. The drawee indicates his *acceptance, making him the party principally accountable upon the bill if it is payable at a later date; the drawer and endorsers may also be liable upon a bill. One person can transfer an enforceable right to a certain amount of money to another by using bills of exchange. Not only is a bill of exchange transferable, but it can also be negotiated since, in due course, the *holder who receives the bill from the person without an enforceable right to the money gains good title to it. The Bills of Exchange Act of 1882 and the Cheques Act of 1992 codify a significant portion of the law pertaining to bills of exchange.
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Legal Terms - Bill of Costs
A breakdown of *expenses that a lawyer has created for the legal services he has provided to a client. Generally speaking, a lawyer could have to provide his client a bill unless they have a written agreement specifying otherwise. In the event that no such agreement has been established, the solicitor has one month from the date of delivery of the bill of costs to file a lawsuit for cost recovery without the High Court's approval. Until August 2009, a customer might demand that his solicitor receive a remuneration certificate from the Law Society if they were unhappy with a bill. This certificate would either confirm that the fee was reasonable and fair or substitute a different amount. A disgruntled client no longer has this choice under the Solicitors (Non-Contentious Business) Remuneration Order 2009, but they can still file a complaint with the Legal Complaints Service against the cost. In cases that are disputed, or litigious, the bill is subject to a *cost assessment.
A breakdown of *expenses that a lawyer has created for the legal services he has provided to a client. Generally speaking, a lawyer could have to provide his client a bill unless they have a written agreement specifying otherwise. In the event that no such agreement has been established, the solicitor has one month from the date of delivery of the bill of costs to file a lawsuit for cost recovery without the High Court's approval. Until August 2009, a customer might demand that his solicitor receive a remuneration certificate from the Law Society if they were unhappy with a bill. This certificate would either confirm that the fee was reasonable and fair or substitute a different amount. A disgruntled client no longer has this choice under the Solicitors (Non-Contentious Business) Remuneration Order 2009, but they can still file a complaint with the Legal Complaints Service against the cost. In cases that are disputed, or litigious, the bill is subject to a *cost assessment.
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Legal Terms - Bill of Indictment
a formal written document that includes the charges against which the defendant will enter a plea during the Crown Court trial. The prosecution must draft the indictment within the allotted time frames under Part 14 of the *Criminal Procedure Rules. Usually, the bill is favored when it is delivered to the Crown Court Officer. The bill becomes the *indictment on which the defendant is tried after it has been signed by the officer.
a formal written document that includes the charges against which the defendant will enter a plea during the Crown Court trial. The prosecution must draft the indictment within the allotted time frames under Part 14 of the *Criminal Procedure Rules. Usually, the bill is favored when it is delivered to the Crown Court Officer. The bill becomes the *indictment on which the defendant is tried after it has been signed by the officer.
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Legal Terms - Bill of Lading
a record attesting to the consignor's goods being shipped for transportation by sea (see sea waybill). It is typically utilized when a general ship is transporting cargo for several consignors. In this instance, a bill is sent to each consignor on behalf of the shipowner or a charterer under a *charterparty, usually issued by the ship's master. The bill performs three roles: it operates as a document of title to the goods, it describes the terms of the contract of carriage, and it serves as a receipt for the goods. A shipowner may also give a bill of lading to a charterer who uses the vessel to transport his own cargo. The charterparty contains the conditions of the carriage contract in this instance, while the bill only functions as a receipt and a title document. If the bill is drawn to bearer, ownership of the goods may be transferred during transportation by presenting it to another party; if it is drawn to order, ownership may be transferred by endorsing it. But it's not a *accountable* instrument.
The Hague Rules outline the obligations, liabilities, rights, and immunities that attach to carriers under bills of lading. These were developed during the 1921 International Law Association meeting in The Hague, and they were approved at the 1922 International Conference on Maritime Law in Brussels. The Hague Rules of 1924 were officially named in the UK after they were implemented by the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act of 1924. The Brussels Protocol of 1968 made modifications to the Hague-Visby Rules, which were subsequently implemented by the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act of 1971. The Rules, which are outlined in a schedule to the Act, are applicable to transportation under a bill of lading between any state in which they have been approved as well as transportation from any port in Great Britain or Northern Ireland to any other port. That fact shall be openly stated in any law passed in the United Kingdom or Northern Ireland that is subject to the Rules (this requirement is usually implemented by a clause known as the paramount clause). In 1979, a final revision to the Rules—known as Hague-Visby/SDR—was made. A new convention known as the Hamburg Rules, which has been approved by 35 nations, entirely revised the Rules in 1978 and significantly changed a maritime carrier's favored position in relation to other carriers. They are thought to oversee fewer than 5% of global maritime traffic, but they have not yet been widely accepted. The Rotterdam Rules, a third and significantly lengthier set of regulations, were approved by the UN in 2008. Nevertheless, just four states had adopted these regulations as of 2021.
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Legal Terms - Best value
According to the Local Government Act 1999, which came into effect in 2000, local authorities are obligated to consider economy, efficiency, and effectiveness when carrying out their duties. They must also establish plans to ensure ongoing improvement.
According to the Local Government Act 1999, which came into effect in 2000, local authorities are obligated to consider economy, efficiency, and effectiveness when carrying out their duties. They must also establish plans to ensure ongoing improvement.
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Legal Terms - Beth Din
The Jewish religious court, known as the London branch, has historically been the highest Jewish legal authority for various Commonwealth countries and is also sought after for consultation by Batei Din across Europe. The court oversees all aspects of Jewish law, encompassing matters related to marriage, divorce, and conversion. By obtaining the agreement of the involved parties, the court is also authorized to adjudicate civil conflicts, including commercial disputes between companies.
The Jewish religious court, known as the London branch, has historically been the highest Jewish legal authority for various Commonwealth countries and is also sought after for consultation by Batei Din across Europe. The court oversees all aspects of Jewish law, encompassing matters related to marriage, divorce, and conversion. By obtaining the agreement of the involved parties, the court is also authorized to adjudicate civil conflicts, including commercial disputes between companies.
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Legal Terms-Betting Duty
A tax imposed on the net income (excluding revenue) of a bookmaker, in addition to corporate tax and gaming duty (which is levied on revenue).
A tax imposed on the net income (excluding revenue) of a bookmaker, in addition to corporate tax and gaming duty (which is levied on revenue).
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Legal Terms - Bigamy
Bigamy is the act of participating in a marriage ceremony with someone while already being legally married to another person, as defined by the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 s 57. Bigamy is a criminal offense that can result in a maximum jail sentence of seven years. However, there is a legal defense available if the accused can demonstrate an honest and reasonable belief that their first spouse was deceased or that their previous marriage had been legally dissolved, annulled, or declared void. Additionally, there exists a specific legal defense in cases where the accused's spouse has been away for a minimum of seven years. In such instances, the accused is entitled to believe that their spouse is deceased, even without concrete evidence of their death. Despite being acquitted of the crime of bigamy, if a person had a live spouse at the time of their second marriage, the bigamous marriage will still be considered invalid.
Bigamy is the act of participating in a marriage ceremony with someone while already being legally married to another person, as defined by the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 s 57. Bigamy is a criminal offense that can result in a maximum jail sentence of seven years. However, there is a legal defense available if the accused can demonstrate an honest and reasonable belief that their first spouse was deceased or that their previous marriage had been legally dissolved, annulled, or declared void. Additionally, there exists a specific legal defense in cases where the accused's spouse has been away for a minimum of seven years. In such instances, the accused is entitled to believe that their spouse is deceased, even without concrete evidence of their death. Despite being acquitted of the crime of bigamy, if a person had a live spouse at the time of their second marriage, the bigamous marriage will still be considered invalid.
