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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Periodic Tenancy
A periodic tenancy is a tenancy that continues automatically from one rental period to the next.
Rent is usually payable weekly, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
The tenancy continues until terminated by a valid notice to quit.
Periodic tenancies may arise through express agreement or by implication from conduct, such as continued acceptance of rent.
The required notice period to terminate the tenancy is generally equal to one rental period.
A periodic tenancy is a tenancy that continues automatically from one rental period to the next.
Rent is usually payable weekly, monthly, quarterly, or yearly.
The tenancy continues until terminated by a valid notice to quit.
Periodic tenancies may arise through express agreement or by implication from conduct, such as continued acceptance of rent.
The required notice period to terminate the tenancy is generally equal to one rental period.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Per Incuriam
Per incuriam is a Latin expression meaning “through lack of care”.
A judicial decision is made per incuriam when the court overlooks a binding precedent or relevant statutory provision.
Such decisions may not carry normal precedential authority.
Higher courts may decline to follow decisions considered per incuriam.
The doctrine helps preserve consistency and correctness in legal precedent.
Per incuriam is a Latin expression meaning “through lack of care”.
A judicial decision is made per incuriam when the court overlooks a binding precedent or relevant statutory provision.
Such decisions may not carry normal precedential authority.
Higher courts may decline to follow decisions considered per incuriam.
The doctrine helps preserve consistency and correctness in legal precedent.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Perils of the Seas
Perils of the seas are risks covered under marine insurance relating to accidental maritime dangers.
Examples include violent storms, collisions, grounding, or striking submerged objects.
The term applies only to fortuitous or unexpected maritime accidents.
Ordinary wear and tear caused by normal wind and wave action is excluded.
Coverage under marine insurance depends on whether the loss resulted from a true maritime peril.
Perils of the seas are risks covered under marine insurance relating to accidental maritime dangers.
Examples include violent storms, collisions, grounding, or striking submerged objects.
The term applies only to fortuitous or unexpected maritime accidents.
Ordinary wear and tear caused by normal wind and wave action is excluded.
Coverage under marine insurance depends on whether the loss resulted from a true maritime peril.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Peremptory Norm
A peremptory norm is a fundamental rule of international law from which no derogation is permitted.
Such norms are also known as Jus Cogens principles.
Peremptory norms bind all states regardless of consent.
Examples include prohibitions against genocide, slavery, torture, and aggressive war.
Any treaty or rule conflicting with a peremptory norm is considered void under international law.
A peremptory norm is a fundamental rule of international law from which no derogation is permitted.
Such norms are also known as Jus Cogens principles.
Peremptory norms bind all states regardless of consent.
Examples include prohibitions against genocide, slavery, torture, and aggressive war.
Any treaty or rule conflicting with a peremptory norm is considered void under international law.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Percipient Witness
A percipient witness is a witness who gives evidence based on direct personal observation.
Such a witness testifies about facts personally seen, heard, or experienced.
The witness provides factual evidence rather than expert opinion.
Percipient witnesses are commonly referred to as witnesses of fact.
Their evidence is generally considered direct evidence in court proceedings.
A percipient witness is a witness who gives evidence based on direct personal observation.
Such a witness testifies about facts personally seen, heard, or experienced.
The witness provides factual evidence rather than expert opinion.
Percipient witnesses are commonly referred to as witnesses of fact.
Their evidence is generally considered direct evidence in court proceedings.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Per Curiam
Per curiam is a Latin expression meaning “by the court”.
It describes a judgment or statement delivered collectively on behalf of the court rather than by an individual judge alone.
The term is commonly used in appellate courts with multiple judges.
A judgment delivered per curiam represents the unanimous or collective reasoning of the bench.
The phrase is often abbreviated as “per cur”.
Per curiam is a Latin expression meaning “by the court”.
It describes a judgment or statement delivered collectively on behalf of the court rather than by an individual judge alone.
The term is commonly used in appellate courts with multiple judges.
A judgment delivered per curiam represents the unanimous or collective reasoning of the bench.
The phrase is often abbreviated as “per cur”.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Peremptory Challenge
A peremptory challenge refers to a party’s right to object to a juror without giving reasons.
Historically, it allowed defendants in criminal cases to reject certain jurors automatically.
The purpose was to help secure fairness and impartiality in jury selection.
In many jurisdictions, the use of peremptory challenges has been restricted or abolished.
The term is associated with the process known as challenge to jury.
A peremptory challenge refers to a party’s right to object to a juror without giving reasons.
Historically, it allowed defendants in criminal cases to reject certain jurors automatically.
The purpose was to help secure fairness and impartiality in jury selection.
In many jurisdictions, the use of peremptory challenges has been restricted or abolished.
The term is associated with the process known as challenge to jury.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Perfect and Imperfect Rights
Perfect rights are legal rights that are enforceable through court proceedings.
Imperfect rights are rights recognized morally or socially but not enforceable by law.
A perfect right gives the holder a legal remedy against infringement.
An imperfect right may exist as a moral obligation without legal sanction.
The distinction highlights the difference between legal duties and ethical expectations.
Perfect rights are legal rights that are enforceable through court proceedings.
Imperfect rights are rights recognized morally or socially but not enforceable by law.
A perfect right gives the holder a legal remedy against infringement.
An imperfect right may exist as a moral obligation without legal sanction.
The distinction highlights the difference between legal duties and ethical expectations.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Performers’ Rights
Performers’ rights protect performers such as musicians, actors, and singers from unauthorized recording or broadcasting of their performances.
These rights arise under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Unauthorized recording, broadcasting, or importation of illicit recordings may infringe performers’ rights.
Performers often assign recording rights contractually to record companies.
Protection for performances generally lasts for 70 years following legislative reforms derived from retained EU law.
Performers’ rights protect performers such as musicians, actors, and singers from unauthorized recording or broadcasting of their performances.
These rights arise under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Unauthorized recording, broadcasting, or importation of illicit recordings may infringe performers’ rights.
Performers often assign recording rights contractually to record companies.
Protection for performances generally lasts for 70 years following legislative reforms derived from retained EU law.
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KembaraXtra – Legal Terms – Performance of Contract
Performance of contract refers to the carrying out of obligations agreed upon by parties to a contract.
Complete performance by both parties normally discharges the contract entirely.
Contracts may be divisible, where obligations are independent, or entire, where obligations are interdependent.
Modern law recognizes substantial performance, allowing partial recovery despite minor defects.
Performance may also occur through tender of performance or authorized third parties such as subcontractors.
Performance of contract refers to the carrying out of obligations agreed upon by parties to a contract.
Complete performance by both parties normally discharges the contract entirely.
Contracts may be divisible, where obligations are independent, or entire, where obligations are interdependent.
Modern law recognizes substantial performance, allowing partial recovery despite minor defects.
Performance may also occur through tender of performance or authorized third parties such as subcontractors.