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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Nail Splinter Hemorrhage
• Antiphospholipid syndrome
• Malignant neoplasms
• Oral contraceptives
• Peptic ulcer disease
• Pregnancy
• Psoriasis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• Trauma
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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Nail Yellowing
• Bronchiectasis
• Chronic infections (TB, sinusitis)
• Immunodeficiency
• Lymphedema
• Nephrotic syndrome
• Pleural effusions
• Raynaud’s disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Thyroiditis
• Tobacco abuse
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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Narcissistic Personality
• Dysthymia and major depressive episode, which cause depressed mood and feelings of worthlessness without criticism or perceived slight
• Histrionic, borderline, antisocial, and paranoid personality disorders share common features and are often comorbid.
• Mania and hypomania, which are characterized by an episodic course and impairments
• Personality changes due to a general medical condition, including CNS processes in the frontal-temporal regions of the brain
• Substance-induced euphoria, especially cocaine abuse
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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Narcolepsy
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Depression
• Drugs and alcohol
• Hypothyroidism
• Inadequate sleep time
• Insomnia
• Seizures
• Sleep apnea
• Sleep fragmentation (multiple causes)
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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Nausea and Vomiting
• Abdominal trauma
• Anxiety, fear
• Carcinoma of GI tract
• CNS neoplasms
• Eye disorders
• Head trauma
• Infections (viral, bacterial)
• Intestinal obstruction
• Medications (e.g., NSAIDs, erythromycin, morphine, codeine, aminophylline, chemotherapeutic agents)
• Metabolic (e.g., uremia, electrolyte abnormalities, diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA], acidosis)
• Migraine headache
• Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
• Pregnancy
• Psychiatric disorders (bulimia, anorexia nervosa)
• Radiation sickness
• Reye’s syndrome
• Severe pain
• Vestibular or middle ear disease
• Withdrawal from substance abuse (drugs, alcohol)
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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Neck and Arm Pain
• Acromioclavicular arthritis
• Angina pectoris
• Bicipital tendinitis
• Cervical disk syndrome
• Glenohumeral arthritis
• Infection (cellulitis, abscess)
• Pancoast tumor
• Rotator cuff syndrome
• Thoracic outlet syndrome
• Trauma, musculoskeletal strain
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Kembara Xtra 

Facts about medicine and its subtopic such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, medicine, pediatrics, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology and surgery.