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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - acetoacetic acid
​Acetoacetic acid is an organic acid produced in the liver during increased fatty acid breakdown, such as in starvation. It is converted to acetone and excreted.


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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - acetazolamide
​ Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used primarily to treat glaucoma, altitude sickness, and some forms of epilepsy. It reduces fluid pressure in the eye and may cause drowsiness or tingling sensations. Its trade name is Diamox.


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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - acentric In genetics, acentric refers to a chromosome fragment lacking a centromere. Such fragments cannot attach to the spindle during cell division and are usually lost, often appearing in cells damaged by radiation.

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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - ACE inhibitor
​ An ACE inhibitor is a drug that lowers blood pressure by blocking the enzyme responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a powerful vessel constrictor. By preventing this conversion, arteries relax and blood pressure decreases. These drugs are used in hypertension and heart failure.


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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - acebutolol
​Acebutolol is a beta blocker used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and irregular heart rhythms. It is taken orally, and side-effects may include breathing difficulties in asthmatic patients and cold extremities. Its trade name is Sectral.


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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - accessory pathway
​ An accessory pathway is an additional electrical conduction route between the atria and ventricles of the heart. It can predispose individuals to re-entry tachycardia and may produce a delta wave on an ECG, characteristic of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.



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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - accessory nerve (spinal accessory nerve)
​ The accessory nerve is the eleventh cranial nerve (XI). Its cranial root contributes to nerves supplying the laryngeal muscles, while its spinal root supplies the sternomastoid and trapezius muscles, enabling movements of the head and shoulders.



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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - accessory muscles
​ Accessory muscles are additional muscles of the chest wall and shoulder girdle that assist breathing during respiratory distress. Their use indicates increased effort in breathing, such as in asthma or airway obstruction.



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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - acceptor
​ In biochemistry, an acceptor is a substance that facilitates oxidation by accepting hydrogen ions from another molecule, thereby enabling metabolic reactions to proceed.



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KembaraXtra - Medical Terms - acatalasia
Acatalasia is a rare inherited deficiency of the enzyme catalase. It can lead to recurrent infections of the gums and mouth, particularly gingivitis. Two forms are recognized: the Japanese type (Takahara disease) and the Swiss type, which may produce no symptoms.
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