psychology 

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KembaraXtra-Psychology - atypical antipsychotic
Atypical antipsychotics are drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders that generally produce fewer neuroleptic-induced side effects than conventional neuroleptics. Examples commonly discussed include clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, sertindole, and related agents.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - Aubert effect
The Aubert effect occurs when a person fixates on an illuminated vertical bar in a dark room for a minute or two and then tilts the head sideways by roughly 30 degrees or more; the bar then appears tilted in the opposite direction. This demonstrates that vestibular semicircular canal information alone is insufficient for full vertical orientation in darkness, and it can be demonstrated using a simple setup such as a flashlight in a box with a diffusing slit. It is named after Hermann Aubert (1826–92).
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - Aubert–Förster law
The Aubert–Förster law states that the smallest size at which a stimulus (like a printed letter) is just recognizable increases in direct proportion to its angular distance from the fixation point (equivalently, the distance from the fovea on the retina), holding approximately from 2 to 40 degrees of visual angle. It is named after Aubert and Carl F. R. Förster (1825–1902), who published it briefly in 1856 and fully in 1857.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - Aubert–Förster phenomenon
The Aubert–Förster phenomenon (also called the Förster phenomenon) claims that near objects are perceived with greater acuity than farther objects even when they subtend the same visual angle; it relates to aerial perspective and is compared with the Aubert–Förster law.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - audibility function
An audibility function is a graph showing a listener’s absolute threshold for sound intensity across different frequencies, effectively mapping sensitivity over the audible range; it is abbreviated AF.
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - audibility range
Audibility range (also called the auditory spectrum) is the span of frequencies a person can hear as tones, bounded by the lowest and highest audible frequencies. For normal hearing it extends over more than 10 octaves, from roughly 16 Hz up to about 20,000 Hz, although the upper limit typically drops sharply with age. It connects to theories of pitch and tools such as the Galton whistle and concepts such as infrasound and ultrasound.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - audible thought
Audible thought is a hallucination in which a person hears their own thoughts being spoken aloud.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - audience effect
The audience effect is the influence of passive observers on an individual’s performance, which can either improve or impair performance depending on the task, and relates to social facilitation theories, response competition, overlearning, and the next-in-line effect; it is compared with the coaction effect.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - audile
Audile can mean (1) simply “auditory,” relating to hearing, or (2) a person whose mental imagery is characteristically sound-based rather than visual, tactile, or motor; it is compared with motile, tactile, and visualizer.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - audioanalgesia
Audioanalgesia is reduced pain perception during exposure to loud sounds, and it can also refer to using music or sound to distract attention away from pain in settings such as dentistry; it relates to analgesia.


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