Shariah -Components of Sharī‘ah

Shariah -Components of Sharī‘ah

1. Overview

2. The Three Fields of Sharī‘ah

Al-Aḥkām al-I‘tiqādiyyah (العقائدية)
- Sanctions relating to beliefs.
- Concerned with faith (ʿAqīdah).
- Examples:
  - Belief in Allah.
  - Belief in the Day of Judgment.
- Deals with matters of doctrine and creed.
Al-Aḥkām al-Akhlāqiyyah (الأخلاقية)
- Sanctions relating to morals and ethics.
- Concerned with Akhlaq (character and conduct).
- Examples:
  - Truthfulness, sincerity, honesty, and good manners.
Al-Aḥkām al-‘Amaliyyah (العملية)
- Sanctions relating to actions (Fiqh).
- Governs the sayings, doings, and interactions of individuals.
- Includes rituals, transactions, social dealings, and legal rulings.
- Also referred to as Fiqh – the practical aspect of Sharī‘ah.

3. Diagram Representation

Sharī‘ah encompasses:
- ‘Aqīdah (Faith / Belief)
- Akhlaq (Morality / Ethics)
- Fiqh (‘Amal / Practice)
These three are interconnected and form the complete Islamic system.

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