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Shariah -Introduction to Islamic Law

1. Revelation and Completeness of Islam
  • Islam was revealed over 1,400 years ago as a complete way of life for all humanity.
  • It provides belief, moral, and legal systems.
  • The Qur’an emphasizes the completeness of its teachings.
    • Verse (Al-Mā’idah 5:3):
“This day, I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.”
    • Verse (Al-An‘ām 6:38):
“We have neglected nothing in the Book.”

2. Need for Laws and Regulations
  • Before discussing Islamic law, its background must be understood.
  • Islam teaches that Allah created mankind, and thus laws and regulations are necessary for human life.


Introduction to Sharī‘ah & Islamic Jurisprudence

1. Two Conceptions of Law
  • Divine law – from Allah (e.g., Islamic law).
  • Man-made law – created by humans (basis of modern legislation).

2. Islamic Concept of Law
  • Based on the understanding of Good (ḥusn) and Evil (qubh).
  • Humans cannot determine good and evil by themselves due to mortal limitations.
  • Guidance comes from Allah through His Prophet.
  • ḥusn = good, beauty, moral acceptability.
  • qubh = bad, ugliness, moral reprehensibility.
  • The foundation of Sharī‘ah (Islamic legal doctrine):
    • What is good must be done.
    • What is bad must be avoided.

3. Determining ḥusn and qubh
  • Humans alone cannot define them.
  • The Qur’an and Sunnah (Prophet’s sayings/actions) are the primary sources.
  • When Qur’an and Sunnah are silent, reason and definite principles are used.
  • These principles help realize Sharī‘ah as understood by Muslim jurists.

4. Importance of Sharī‘ah
  • To understand Islam, one must understand Sharī‘ah, as it is the nucleus of Islam.​
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