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Shariah -Protection of Property (al-Māl)
Sūrah Al-Baqarah — 2:188
“Do not eat up one another’s property unjustly… nor give bribery to judges so you may wrongfully consume part of others’ property while you know.”
Summary Notes
Sūrah Al-Nisā’ — 4:10
“Those who unjustly eat the property of orphans, they eat only fire into their bellies, and they will be burnt in a blazing Fire.”
Summary Notes
Sūrah Al-Nisā’ — 4:161
“…They took ribā (usury), though it was forbidden to them, and consumed wealth of people wrongfully. We prepared for the disbelievers a painful torment.”
Summary Notes
Illegitimate ways of acquiring property
Punishment for Stealing
Sūrah Al-Mā’idah — 5:38
“Cut off the (right) hand of the male thief and the female thief as a recompense for what they committed — a punishment from Allah. And Allah is Mighty, Wise.”
Summary Notes
Overall Summary
- Owning property is a basic need for humans.
- Everyone wants safety and security for their belongings.
- Islam commands that no one should take others’ property illegally.
- Property must only be taken through a proper/legitimate contract.
- Transgression of property is forbidden.
Sūrah Al-Baqarah — 2:188
“Do not eat up one another’s property unjustly… nor give bribery to judges so you may wrongfully consume part of others’ property while you know.”
Summary Notes
- Do NOT take wealth by illegal means:
- stealing
- robbing
- deceiving
- cheating
- Do NOT bribe rulers/judges to gain property wrongfully.
- Taking any part of others’ wealth without right is sinful.
- Qur’ān warns severe punishment in the Hereafter for those who take others’ property illegally.
Sūrah Al-Nisā’ — 4:10
“Those who unjustly eat the property of orphans, they eat only fire into their bellies, and they will be burnt in a blazing Fire.”
Summary Notes
- Stealing/consuming orphans’ wealth is a major sin.
- Such people will enter the Hellfire.
- Allah warns strongly against oppressing orphans.
Sūrah Al-Nisā’ — 4:161
“…They took ribā (usury), though it was forbidden to them, and consumed wealth of people wrongfully. We prepared for the disbelievers a painful torment.”
Summary Notes
- Taking ribā (interest/usury) is forbidden.
- Wrongful consumption of others’ wealth brings painful punishment.
- Exploiting others financially is a major sin.
Illegitimate ways of acquiring property
- Islam prohibits:
- Usury (ribā)
- Cheating in transactions
- Breaking trust in property matters
- Stealing
- Taking property of others by any wrong means
- Sharī‘ah forbids all these practices because they harm society.
Punishment for Stealing
- Islam imposes severe punishment for theft.
- Cutting of the hand is the punishment for convicted thieves.
Sūrah Al-Mā’idah — 5:38
“Cut off the (right) hand of the male thief and the female thief as a recompense for what they committed — a punishment from Allah. And Allah is Mighty, Wise.”
Summary Notes
- Punishment = cutting the hand (from wrist).
- Applies to both men and women thieves.
- It is a serious warning to protect society and property.
- Allah is Wise in prescribing this ruling.
Overall Summary
- Islam protects individuals’ property rights.
- Taking others’ wealth without right is absolutely forbidden.
- Forbidden acts include:
- stealing
- cheating
- bribery
- usury (ribā)
- consuming orphan wealth
- breaking trust
- Severe punishments exist to protect society.
- Qur’ān provides guidance to ensure fairness and justice.
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