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Shariah -The Objectives of Sharī‘ah – Categories
  • The objectives (purposes) of Sharī‘ah are divided into three categories:
    1. Essentials (al-Ḍarūriyyāt)
    2. Complementary (al-Ḥājiyyāt)
    3. Embellishments / Beautifications (al-Taḥsīniyyāt)
  • All Islamic rulings aim to achieve at least one of these three goals.

1. The Essentials (al-Ḍarūriyyāt)
  • These are the most important needs of religion and daily life.
  • If they are not protected:
    • Society falls into chaos and disorder.
    • It may lead to corruption and destruction.
  • These essentials must be protected.
  • Protection can be done by:
    • Individuals
    • Government authorities
  • The essentials consist of five fundamental values (al-Ḍarūriyyah al-Khamsah):

The Five Essentials
  1. Protection of Religion (al-Dīn)
  2. Protection of Life (al-Nafs)
  3. Protection of Dignity / Lineage (al-‘Irḍ)
  4. Protection of Intellect (al-‘Aql)
  5. Protection of Property (al-Māl)
  • Protecting these values means taking necessary steps to preserve them and removing anything that threatens them.
  • Sharī‘ah provides guidelines to ensure their protection.​
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