Clinical Procedures - Intramuscular Injection Intramuscular injections can be administered at essentially any site with adequate muscle mass. Usual sites are deltoids and the gluteal region (upper, outer quadrant of buttock). • Ensure that you comply with the local policy regarding drug administration. In hospital, two healthcare professionals should usually check and administer medication. Equipment • Appropriate syringe (dependent upon quantity of drug to be administered • 25G (orange) needle (usually) • Prescribed drug • Prescription chart • Antiseptic swab • Plaster. Procedure • Assess patient for drugs required (i.e. for pain relief, vomiting etc.) • Refer to prescription chart, double-checking the appropriate drugs and dosage to be given: • D Always ensure you are fully aware of any possible side effects of any drugs you are due to administer • Double-check the prescription chart for date and appropriate route for administration • Check administration of previous dose not too soon after last dose? • Ensure that the drug to be given is within its use-by § • Check patient and chart for any evidence of allergies. relevant drug reactions • Always comply with the local hand-hygiene practices • Once all above completed as per hospital policy, draw-up required drug and check appropriate needle size • Complete appropriate documentation Documentation • Drugs should always be signed for as per local policy • Signature and time should be clearly recorded • Site drug administered • Reason for drug administration, time given, and any impact on the patient should be recorded in the nursing notes • Immediate vital signs should be recorded in notes • Any causes for concern arising from administration of drugs should be clearly documented in the medical notes • Signature, printed name, and contact details. • Once checked by suitably qualified staff take drug and prescription chart to the patient • Introduce yourself, confirm the patient's identity, explain the procedure, and obtain informed consent • Check with patient: name and date of birth (if capable): • If incapable, check name band with another healthcare professional • The patient may need to be assisted to change position, if unable to move themselves, and to enable access to an appropriate site • Select appropriate site, and cleanse with the antiseptic wipe: If injecting into the buttock, mark a spot at the upper, outer quadrant to avoid the sciatic nerve •If using the deltoid muscle, feel the muscle mass and ensure there is enough muscle to take the needle • Insert needle at 90° angle into the skin • Draw syringe plunger back, checking for any blood. If none, inject drug slowly: • D If any blood is noted on pulling the plunger back, withdraw and stop procedure provide reassurance and explanation to the patient • Once the procedure is completed without complication, withdraw needle and discard into a sharps bin • Monitor patient for any negative effects of the drug.
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