Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Erythema infectiosum / fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19)

Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Erythema infectiosum / fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19) 

​Parvovirus B19 is the cause of erythema Infectiosum, also known as the Fifth Disease. respiratory transmission; high rates of transfer among household contacts. There are B19 infections all across the world, and adult seroconversion rates are higher than 50%.
Childhood rash that looks like a "slapped Manifestations cheek" and is characterized by widespread erythema. usually begins as a minor systemic sickness, develops the characteristic rash a week or two later, and goes away in a few weeks.
Adults with hemolytic anemia or sickle cell disease may experience aplastic crisis due to B19 infection, whereas arthralgia and arthritis may also occur.
Pregnant women who contract an infection run the risk of developing widespread fetal anemia, congestive heart failure, and even death (hydrops fetalis).

 The B19 virus preferentially replicates in proliferating hematopoietic cells after infecting erythroid precursors in bone marrow. Because B19 is cytolytic to immature erythroid cells, erythropoiesis is suppressed and anemia is caused.
Recovery in immunocompetent individuals is linked to an antibody response that eradicates the virus and offers durable protection.
 IgM antibodies specific to B19 being found or viral DNA being detected by PCR. There is no vaccination to protect against B19 virus infection, nor is there a specialized antiviral treatment for the virus.