Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Intra Abdominal Abscess

Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Intra Abdominal Abscess 
Bacteroides fragilis causing intra abdominal abscess. it is an anaerobe bacteria with gram negative rod shaped.
 Colon and vaginal normal flora include B fragilis. The most common way infections spread after trauma is by endogenous transmission, according to epidemiology.
Infections caused by B fragilis include sepsis, peritonitis, gynecologic infections, and intra-abdominal abscesses.

An antiphagocytic capsule aids in both abscess formation and evasion of the innate immune system.
Aerotolerance is aided by the production of superoxide dismutase. Bacterial infections involving B fragilis are common in patients with multi-organ illnesses. Mixed infections and tissue necrosis cause a decrease in blood flow, which in turn creates an anaerobic milieu that allows for proliferation. This is known as facultative growth.

 The treatment for this condition includes draining the abscesses and using antibiotics like cefoxitin and metronidazole.
Clindamycin and chloramphenicol are prescribed for prevention purposes. Because of the possibility of mixed infections, it is common practice to utilize a broad coverage with many antibiotics. Almost all strains of Bacillus fragilis have beta lactamase. Prevention is challenging, but preoperative antibiotics make it easier.