Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Pneumocystosis ( Pneumocystis jiroveci)

​Infectious Diseases and Microbiology - Pneumocystosis ( Pneumocystis jiroveci) 
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a fatal lung infection that affects individuals with HIV-AIDS and is caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly referred to as Pneumocystis carinii). Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is spread through the air, however the source of transmission is yet unidentified. Pneumocystis jiroveci is categorized as a fungus through the examination of its nucleic acid and biochemical properties. The bacterium is found everywhere, and over 80% of individuals have antibodies for P jiroveci by the age of 4 years. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is the predominant opportunistic infection and primary cause of mortality in individuals with AIDS.
 
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is distinguished by the presence of a fever, unproductive cough, and gradual difficulty in breathing. Extrapulmonary illness manifests in a small proportion (<3%) of cases, affecting the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and liver. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is also observed in preterm undernourished neonates.

 Pneumocystis jiroveci adheres to alveolar pneumocytes, gathers in the air sacs, and triggers an inflammatory infiltration of cells, ultimately obstructing the exchange of gases in the lung. Cell-mediated immunity is the main factor that determines the resolution of a disease.

The Gomori methenamine-silver stain is utilized to identify the morphologic structures of P jiroveci in induced sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage samples for diagnostic purposes.

 Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is managed using a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), which is also administered as a preventative measure to prevent PCP in individuals with AIDS.
Written observations or records of information. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a medical condition that is considered a defining characteristic of AIDS in individuals who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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