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Medical Terms - Abdomen
The inferior section of the trunk. Positioned above the thorax or chest, and separated by the diaphragm, is the PELVIS, which is sometimes characterized as an independent cavity albeit being connected to the abdomen. Positioned posteriorly are the spinal column and inferior ribs, which are in close proximity to the iliac bones. While the iliac bones and downward-sloping ribs provide protection for the confined organs on the sides, the entire front portion is simply shielded by soft tissues. The latter comprises the epidermis, a variable quantity of adipose tissue, three layers of broad, planar muscle, an additional layer of adipose tissue, and ultimately the slippery, thin peritoneum that lines the entire cavity. These pliable tissues facilitate the required expansion when food is ingested into the STOMACH, as well as the several crucial muscular motions involved in digestion. In youngsters, the abdomen may exhibit significant protrusion, yet if this protrusion is excessively pronounced, it may suggest the presence of a sickness. In healthy young adults, the structure should have either a little prominence or a small indrawing, revealing the contour of the muscular layer, particularly the pair of vertically running muscles (recti), which are separated into four or five portions by transverse lines. In elderly individuals, adipose tissue often accumulates both on and within the abdominal region. During pregnancy, the organs in the abdomen expand starting from the 12th week following conception, as the developing foetus in the uterus grows.
The inferior section of the trunk. Positioned above the thorax or chest, and separated by the diaphragm, is the PELVIS, which is sometimes characterized as an independent cavity albeit being connected to the abdomen. Positioned posteriorly are the spinal column and inferior ribs, which are in close proximity to the iliac bones. While the iliac bones and downward-sloping ribs provide protection for the confined organs on the sides, the entire front portion is simply shielded by soft tissues. The latter comprises the epidermis, a variable quantity of adipose tissue, three layers of broad, planar muscle, an additional layer of adipose tissue, and ultimately the slippery, thin peritoneum that lines the entire cavity. These pliable tissues facilitate the required expansion when food is ingested into the STOMACH, as well as the several crucial muscular motions involved in digestion. In youngsters, the abdomen may exhibit significant protrusion, yet if this protrusion is excessively pronounced, it may suggest the presence of a sickness. In healthy young adults, the structure should have either a little prominence or a small indrawing, revealing the contour of the muscular layer, particularly the pair of vertically running muscles (recti), which are separated into four or five portions by transverse lines. In elderly individuals, adipose tissue often accumulates both on and within the abdominal region. During pregnancy, the organs in the abdomen expand starting from the 12th week following conception, as the developing foetus in the uterus grows.
The main constituents of the abdominal cavity consist of the digestive organs, namely the stomach and intestine, together with the related glands, the liver and pancreas. When lieing down, the stomach is positioned above and to the left, although it may be significantly lower when standing. Located superiorly and to the right, the liver is mostly concealed by the ribs and occupies the cavernous space of the diaphragm. The pair of kidneys are positioned against the posterior wall on both sides, safeguarded by the final two ribs. The ureters, also known as urine ducts, descend from the kidneys along the posterior wall to the urinary bladder located in the pelvis. The pancreas is situated anatomically between the kidneys, with a suprarenal gland located at the superior end of each kidney towards the spine.
The SPLEEN is located in a high elevated location on the left side, partially behind the stomach. The major blood vessels and nerves are located on the posterior wall, while the remaining area is occupied by the intestines or bowels (see to INTESTINE information). Located bilaterally in front of the kidneys, the large intestine extends beneath the stomach from right to left, while the small intestine is suspended from the posterior wall in coils that occupy the gaps between the other organs. Positioned below the stomach, just in front of the intestines, is the OMENTUM, also known as the apron, which is rich in fat and serves to safeguard the intestines. During pregnancy, the UTERUS, also known as the womb, ascends from the pelvis into the belly as it grows in size, thereby elevating the coils of the small intestine above it.
The pelvic region is the anatomical structure located within the bony pelvis, which includes the rectal area, bladder, prostate gland in males, uterus, ovarian organs, and fallopian tubes in females..
The SPLEEN is located in a high elevated location on the left side, partially behind the stomach. The major blood vessels and nerves are located on the posterior wall, while the remaining area is occupied by the intestines or bowels (see to INTESTINE information). Located bilaterally in front of the kidneys, the large intestine extends beneath the stomach from right to left, while the small intestine is suspended from the posterior wall in coils that occupy the gaps between the other organs. Positioned below the stomach, just in front of the intestines, is the OMENTUM, also known as the apron, which is rich in fat and serves to safeguard the intestines. During pregnancy, the UTERUS, also known as the womb, ascends from the pelvis into the belly as it grows in size, thereby elevating the coils of the small intestine above it.
The pelvic region is the anatomical structure located within the bony pelvis, which includes the rectal area, bladder, prostate gland in males, uterus, ovarian organs, and fallopian tubes in females..
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