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Pathology - Anemia of chronic illness
Definition: A decrease in hemoglobin concentration associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, persistent infections, and malignancies. Epidemiology: The second most prevalent etiology of anemia.
Aetiology: Any chronic inflammatory condition, persistent infection, or neoplasm. Pathogenesis The underlying mechanisms are intricate and multifaceted. Current evidence indicates that inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6) diminish the sensitivity of the marrow to erythropoietin and hinder the incorporation of iron into developing red blood cells. Consequently, there is a reduction in erythropoiesis, which is frequently ineffective.
Presentation: Fatigue and dyspnea. Complete blood count: Decreased hemoglobin, typically mild to moderate in severity. • MCV is often within the normal range, although it may be diminished.
Peripheral blood film • Red blood cells are typically normal in size, however some may be diminutive. • There is no significant variation in size or morphology. Bone marrow • The marrow typically exhibits normal cellularity. • Stainable iron is present.
Definition: A decrease in hemoglobin concentration associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, persistent infections, and malignancies. Epidemiology: The second most prevalent etiology of anemia.
Aetiology: Any chronic inflammatory condition, persistent infection, or neoplasm. Pathogenesis The underlying mechanisms are intricate and multifaceted. Current evidence indicates that inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6) diminish the sensitivity of the marrow to erythropoietin and hinder the incorporation of iron into developing red blood cells. Consequently, there is a reduction in erythropoiesis, which is frequently ineffective.
Presentation: Fatigue and dyspnea. Complete blood count: Decreased hemoglobin, typically mild to moderate in severity. • MCV is often within the normal range, although it may be diminished.
Peripheral blood film • Red blood cells are typically normal in size, however some may be diminutive. • There is no significant variation in size or morphology. Bone marrow • The marrow typically exhibits normal cellularity. • Stainable iron is present.
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