​Pathology - Congenital Pyloric Stenosis

​Pathology - Congenital Pyloric Stenosis
This is a congenital anomaly that follows a multifactorial inheritance pattern. It is frequently linked to Turner syndrome or polyhydramnios.
Exhibits a higher prevalence in males compared to females.

Pylorus: Enlargement and increased cell growth of the muscle layer
Onset of projectile vomiting commencing at 2 weeks of age.
A physical examination reveals a palpable lump resembling an olive in the upper abdominal region.

Treatment involves performing a surgical procedure to make an incision in the enlarged muscle (myotomy).

Diaphragmatic hernia refers to the underdeveloped diaphragm, which leads to the protrusion of abdominal contents through the malformed diaphragm. This compression affects the growth of lung buds, resulting in pulmonary hypoplasia. The clinical presentation includes dyspnea. The newborn exhibits cyanosis and an abnormally flat belly. Surgical intervention can rectify this condition.