Pathology - Duct ectasia

Pathology - Duct ectasia
Inflammation and dilatation of big mammary ducts
Epidemiology: Prevalent among adult women throughout all age groups. Etiology • Ambiguous. Although infection may complicate duct ectasia, it does not appear to be the primary cause.

Presentation • Nipple discharge is the predominant presenting symptom. The discharge may be transparent, creamy, or blood-tinged. More severe cases may result in pain, a palpable breast lump, and nipple retraction.

Macroscopy: The subareolar ducts exhibit visible dilation and are filled with viscous secretions. Cytopathology Smears derived from a nipple discharge sample exhibit proteinaceous debris and macrophages. Ductal epithelial cells are typically absent. Histopathology • The subareolar ducts are distended and contain proteinaceous substances and macrophages. • Periductal chronic inflammation and fibrosis are also observed.

Prognosis: Duct ectasia is a nonmalignant disorder with no elevated risk of cancer.