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Shock
Defi nition
• A generalized failure of tissue perfusion.
Aetiology
• Pump failure, e.g. acute myocardial infarction.
• Peripheral circulation failure, e.g. hypovolaemia, sepsis, anaphylaxis
, tension pneumothorax,large pulmonary embolus
Pathogenesis
• Pump or peripheral circulation failure leads to cardiovascular collapse.
• Prolonged inadequate tissue perfusion risks the development of
multiple organ failure.
Presentation
• Tachycardia due to increased sympathetic drive.
• Urine output declines (only apparent if the patient is catheterized).
• Hypotension.
2 Note up to 15 % of circulating volume may be lost before any clinical signs
become apparent.
Prognosis
1 Shock is a serious condition which leads to the development of multiple
organ failure if not rapidly addressed
Defi nition
• A generalized failure of tissue perfusion.
Aetiology
• Pump failure, e.g. acute myocardial infarction.
• Peripheral circulation failure, e.g. hypovolaemia, sepsis, anaphylaxis
, tension pneumothorax,large pulmonary embolus
Pathogenesis
• Pump or peripheral circulation failure leads to cardiovascular collapse.
• Prolonged inadequate tissue perfusion risks the development of
multiple organ failure.
Presentation
• Tachycardia due to increased sympathetic drive.
• Urine output declines (only apparent if the patient is catheterized).
• Hypotension.
2 Note up to 15 % of circulating volume may be lost before any clinical signs
become apparent.
Prognosis
1 Shock is a serious condition which leads to the development of multiple
organ failure if not rapidly addressed
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