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Terminology of pathology
Nomenclature of diseases
Aetiology denotes the fundamental cause of an illness. Diseases with an unclear aetiology are termed idiopathic, cryptogenic, or essential.
Pathogenesis denotes the mechanism via which the etiological agent induces the signs of a disease.
Incidence denotes the quantity of newly diagnosed instances of an illness within a specified timeframe.
Prevalence denotes the aggregate number of disease cases within a community at a specific point in time.
Prognosis refers to the anticipated progression of an illness.
Morbidity refers to the degree to which a patient's overall health is impacted by a condition. •
Mortality indicates the probability of mortality due to a specific disease
.Acute and chronic denote the temporal progression of a disease occurrence. Acute diseases manifest abruptly.
Chronic illnesses typically exhibit a gradual onset and are more prone to a protracted duration.
A syndrome denotes a collection of symptoms and clinical indications that, when present concurrently, indicate a certain underlying cause(s).
Classification of diseases
Genetic disorders are hereditary conditions resulting from a faulty gene, such as cystic fibrosis.
Infectious disorders arise from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms, such as malaria.
Inflammatory disorders result from excessive activity of inflammatory cells in an organ, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Neoplastic illness arises from the unregulated proliferation of cells, such as breast cancer.
• Vascular diseases occur as a result of blood vessel disorders, such as ischemic heart disease.
• Metabolic disorders stem from abnormalities in metabolic processes, such as diabetes mellitus.
Degenerative diseases arise from the destruction and/or loss of specialized cells, such as the loss of neurons from the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease. Iatrogenic disease arises from the consequences of medical treatment, such as osteoporosis resulting from prolonged glucocorticoid therapy
. • Congenital disorders are present at birth, while those that arise postnatally are termed acquired diseases.
Nomenclature of diseases
Aetiology denotes the fundamental cause of an illness. Diseases with an unclear aetiology are termed idiopathic, cryptogenic, or essential.
Pathogenesis denotes the mechanism via which the etiological agent induces the signs of a disease.
Incidence denotes the quantity of newly diagnosed instances of an illness within a specified timeframe.
Prevalence denotes the aggregate number of disease cases within a community at a specific point in time.
Prognosis refers to the anticipated progression of an illness.
Morbidity refers to the degree to which a patient's overall health is impacted by a condition. •
Mortality indicates the probability of mortality due to a specific disease
.Acute and chronic denote the temporal progression of a disease occurrence. Acute diseases manifest abruptly.
Chronic illnesses typically exhibit a gradual onset and are more prone to a protracted duration.
A syndrome denotes a collection of symptoms and clinical indications that, when present concurrently, indicate a certain underlying cause(s).
Classification of diseases
Genetic disorders are hereditary conditions resulting from a faulty gene, such as cystic fibrosis.
Infectious disorders arise from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms, such as malaria.
Inflammatory disorders result from excessive activity of inflammatory cells in an organ, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Neoplastic illness arises from the unregulated proliferation of cells, such as breast cancer.
• Vascular diseases occur as a result of blood vessel disorders, such as ischemic heart disease.
• Metabolic disorders stem from abnormalities in metabolic processes, such as diabetes mellitus.
Degenerative diseases arise from the destruction and/or loss of specialized cells, such as the loss of neurons from the cerebral cortex in Alzheimer's disease. Iatrogenic disease arises from the consequences of medical treatment, such as osteoporosis resulting from prolonged glucocorticoid therapy
. • Congenital disorders are present at birth, while those that arise postnatally are termed acquired diseases.
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