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Symptoms and Sign – Differential Diagnosis of Cough
• “Smoker’s cough”
• Anxiety
• Asthma
• Bronchiectasis
• Cardiac (congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, mitral stenosis, pericardial inflammation)
• Cystic fibrosis
• Drug induced (especially angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, b-blockers)
• Exposure to irritants (noxious fumes, smoke, cold air)
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Infectious process (viral, bacterial)
• Inflammation of larynx, pleura, diaphragm, mediastinum
• Interstitial lung disease
• Lung neoplasms
• Lymphomas, mediastinal neoplasms
• Other: pulmonary embolism, foreign body inhalation, aortic aneurysm, Zenker’s diverticulum, osteophytes, substernal thyroid, thyroiditis, polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)
• Postinfectious
• Recurrent aspiration
• Rhinitis (allergic, vasomotor, postinfectious)
• “Smoker’s cough”
• Anxiety
• Asthma
• Bronchiectasis
• Cardiac (congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, mitral stenosis, pericardial inflammation)
• Cystic fibrosis
• Drug induced (especially angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, b-blockers)
• Exposure to irritants (noxious fumes, smoke, cold air)
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Infectious process (viral, bacterial)
• Inflammation of larynx, pleura, diaphragm, mediastinum
• Interstitial lung disease
• Lung neoplasms
• Lymphomas, mediastinal neoplasms
• Other: pulmonary embolism, foreign body inhalation, aortic aneurysm, Zenker’s diverticulum, osteophytes, substernal thyroid, thyroiditis, polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)
• Postinfectious
• Recurrent aspiration
• Rhinitis (allergic, vasomotor, postinfectious)
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