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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Daytime Sleepiness
• Circadian rhythm abnormalities (e.g., jet lag, shift work sleep disorder)
• Depression
• Medical illness (e.g., severe anemia, hypothyroidism, COPD, hepatic failure, renal insufficiency, CHF, electrolyte disturbances)
• Medication induced (e.g., benzodiazepines, β-blockers, narcotics, sedative antidepressants, gabapentin)
• Narcolepsy
• Neurologic disorders (e.g., neurodegenerative disorders; parkinsonism; multiple sclerosis; lesions affecting thalamus, hypothalamus, or brainstem)
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Post trauma
• Restless legs syndrome
• Sleep deprivation
• Circadian rhythm abnormalities (e.g., jet lag, shift work sleep disorder)
• Depression
• Medical illness (e.g., severe anemia, hypothyroidism, COPD, hepatic failure, renal insufficiency, CHF, electrolyte disturbances)
• Medication induced (e.g., benzodiazepines, β-blockers, narcotics, sedative antidepressants, gabapentin)
• Narcolepsy
• Neurologic disorders (e.g., neurodegenerative disorders; parkinsonism; multiple sclerosis; lesions affecting thalamus, hypothalamus, or brainstem)
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Post trauma
• Restless legs syndrome
• Sleep deprivation
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