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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Gynecomastia
• Adrenal disease
• Defects in androgen synthesis
• Drugs (estrogen and estrogen precursors, digitalis, testosterone and exogenous androgens, clomiphene, cimetidine, spironolactone, ketoconazole, amiodarone, angiotensin-converting
• Increased estrogen production (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG]–producing tumor, testicular tumor, bronchogenic carcinoma)
• Increased prolactin level (prolactinoma)
• Klinefelter’s syndrome
• Liver disease
• Physiologic (puberty, newborns, aging)
• Primary gonadal failure (trauma, castration, viral orchitis, granulomatous disease)
• Secondary hypogonadism
• Testosterone deficiency
• Thyrotoxicosis
enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, isoniazid, phenytoin, methyldopa, metoclopramide, phenothiazine)
• Adrenal disease
• Defects in androgen synthesis
• Drugs (estrogen and estrogen precursors, digitalis, testosterone and exogenous androgens, clomiphene, cimetidine, spironolactone, ketoconazole, amiodarone, angiotensin-converting
• Increased estrogen production (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG]–producing tumor, testicular tumor, bronchogenic carcinoma)
• Increased prolactin level (prolactinoma)
• Klinefelter’s syndrome
• Liver disease
• Physiologic (puberty, newborns, aging)
• Primary gonadal failure (trauma, castration, viral orchitis, granulomatous disease)
• Secondary hypogonadism
• Testosterone deficiency
• Thyrotoxicosis
enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, isoniazid, phenytoin, methyldopa, metoclopramide, phenothiazine)
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