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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Hepatic Granulomas
• Bacterial, spirochetal: TB and atypical mycobacterial infections, tularemia, brucellosis, leprosy, syphilis, Whipple’s disease, listeriosis
• Beryllium, parenteral foreign material (e.g., starch, talc, methyldopa, procainamide, allopurinol, α-silicone), phenylbutazone, phenytoin, nitrofurantoin, hydralazine
• Fungal: coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcal infections, actinomycosis, aspergillosis, nocardiosis
• Parasitic: schistosomiasis, clonorchiasis, toxocariasis, ascariasis, toxoplasmosis, amebiasis
• Primary biliary cirrhosis, granulomatous hepatitis, jejunoileal bypass
• Rickettsial: Q fever
• Sarcoidosis, Wegener’s granulomatosis, inflammatory bowel disease, Hodgkin’s disease, lymphoma
• Viral: mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Bacterial, spirochetal: TB and atypical mycobacterial infections, tularemia, brucellosis, leprosy, syphilis, Whipple’s disease, listeriosis
• Beryllium, parenteral foreign material (e.g., starch, talc, methyldopa, procainamide, allopurinol, α-silicone), phenylbutazone, phenytoin, nitrofurantoin, hydralazine
• Fungal: coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcal infections, actinomycosis, aspergillosis, nocardiosis
• Parasitic: schistosomiasis, clonorchiasis, toxocariasis, ascariasis, toxoplasmosis, amebiasis
• Primary biliary cirrhosis, granulomatous hepatitis, jejunoileal bypass
• Rickettsial: Q fever
• Sarcoidosis, Wegener’s granulomatosis, inflammatory bowel disease, Hodgkin’s disease, lymphoma
• Viral: mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus (CMV)
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