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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Hypersplenism
• Splenic congestion: cirrhosis; congestive heart failure (CHF); portal, splenic, or hepatic vein thrombosis
• Malignant disease: leukemia, lymphoma, polycythemia vera, myeloproliferative diseases, metastatic tumors
• Inflammatory diseases: Felty’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sarcoidosis
• Infiltrative diseases: amyloidosis, Gaucher’s disease, Niemann-Pick disease, glycogen storage disease
• Infections: viral (hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus [CMV], HIV), bacterial (endocarditis, TB, brucellosis, Lyme), parasitic (malaria, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis), fungal
• Hematologic causes: hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, spherocytosis, elliptocytosis
• Splenic congestion: cirrhosis; congestive heart failure (CHF); portal, splenic, or hepatic vein thrombosis
• Malignant disease: leukemia, lymphoma, polycythemia vera, myeloproliferative diseases, metastatic tumors
• Inflammatory diseases: Felty’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sarcoidosis
• Infiltrative diseases: amyloidosis, Gaucher’s disease, Niemann-Pick disease, glycogen storage disease
• Infections: viral (hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus [CMV], HIV), bacterial (endocarditis, TB, brucellosis, Lyme), parasitic (malaria, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis), fungal
• Hematologic causes: hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, spherocytosis, elliptocytosis
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