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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Hypophosphatemia
• Decreased intake (prolonged starvation, hyperalimentation, or IV infusion without phosphate)
• Malabsorption
• Phosphate-binding antacids
• Renal loss: renal tubular acidosis (RTA), Fanconi’s syndrome, vitamin D–resistant rickets, tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism (ATN) (diuretic phase), hyperparathyroidism (primary or secondary), familial hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, acute volume expansion, glycosuria, idiopathic hypercalciuria, acetazolamide
• Transcellular shift into cells: alcohol withdrawal, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (recovery phase), glucose-insulin or catecholamine infusion, anabolic steroids, total parenteral nutrition, theophylline overdose, severe hyperthermia, recovery from hypothermia, “hungry bones” syndrome
• Decreased intake (prolonged starvation, hyperalimentation, or IV infusion without phosphate)
• Malabsorption
• Phosphate-binding antacids
• Renal loss: renal tubular acidosis (RTA), Fanconi’s syndrome, vitamin D–resistant rickets, tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism (ATN) (diuretic phase), hyperparathyroidism (primary or secondary), familial hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, acute volume expansion, glycosuria, idiopathic hypercalciuria, acetazolamide
• Transcellular shift into cells: alcohol withdrawal, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (recovery phase), glucose-insulin or catecholamine infusion, anabolic steroids, total parenteral nutrition, theophylline overdose, severe hyperthermia, recovery from hypothermia, “hungry bones” syndrome
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