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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Murmurs
Systolic
Ejection systolic:
Aortic area: aortic stenosis (See Aortic stenosis), aortic sclerosis
Pulmonary area: innocent, atrial septa! defect, pulmonary stenosis
(Note: in HOCM an ejection systolic murmur is heard at left sternal border,
radiating to aortic and mitral areas}
Pansystolic:
Mitra! regurgitation (See Mitra! regurgitation), ventricular septa! defect, tricuspid regurgitation (See Tricuspid regurgitation)
Diastolic
Early diastolic: aortic regurgitation (See Aortic regurgitation), pulmonary regurgitation
Mid-systolic: mitral stenosis (See Mitra! stenosis), tricuspid stenosis (rare) Continuous: patent ductus arteriosus
Systolic
Ejection systolic:
Aortic area: aortic stenosis (See Aortic stenosis), aortic sclerosis
Pulmonary area: innocent, atrial septa! defect, pulmonary stenosis
(Note: in HOCM an ejection systolic murmur is heard at left sternal border,
radiating to aortic and mitral areas}
Pansystolic:
Mitra! regurgitation (See Mitra! regurgitation), ventricular septa! defect, tricuspid regurgitation (See Tricuspid regurgitation)
Diastolic
Early diastolic: aortic regurgitation (See Aortic regurgitation), pulmonary regurgitation
Mid-systolic: mitral stenosis (See Mitra! stenosis), tricuspid stenosis (rare) Continuous: patent ductus arteriosus
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