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​Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Parotid Swelling
INFECTIOUS
• Mumps
• Parainfluenza
• Influenza
• Cytomegalovirus infection
• Coxsackievirus infection
• Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
• Echovirus infection
• Suppuration (bacterial)
• Actinomyces infection
• Mycobacterial infection
• Cat-scratch disease
NONINFECTIOUS
• Drug hypersensitivity (thiouracil, phenothiazines, thiocyanate, iodides, copper, isoprenaline, lead, mercury, phenylbutazone)
• Sarcoidosis
• Tumors, mixed
• Hemangioma, lymphangioma
• Sialectasis
• Sjögren’s syndrome
• Mikulicz’s syndrome (scleroderma, mixed connective tissue
disease, systemic lupus erythematosus)
• Recurrent idiopathic parotitis
• Pneumoparotitis
• Trauma
• Sialolithiasis
• Foreign body
• Cystic fibrosis
• Malnutrition (marasmus, alcohol cirrhosis)
• Dehydration
• Diabetes mellitus
• Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia
• Reiter’s syndrome
• Amyloidosis
NONPAROTID SWELLING
• Hypertrophy of masseter muscle
• Lymphadenopathy
• Rheumatoid mandibular joint swelling
• Tumors of jaw
• Infantile cortical hyperostosis
Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH)
OTHER CAUSES OF RED OR BROWN URINE
• Beet ingestion
• Medications (e.g., phenazopyridine)
• Myoglobinuria
• Hematuria
OTHER CAUSES OF HEMOLYSIS
• Hemoglobinopathies
• Erythrocyte membrane defects
• Medications, toxins
• Microangiopathy
• Other forms of autoimmune hemolysis
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Kembara Xtra 

Facts about medicine and its subtopic such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, medicine, pediatrics, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology and surgery.