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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pediatric Seizures
FIRST MONTH OF LIFE
First Day
• Hypoxia
• Drugs
• Trauma
• Infection
• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Pyridoxine deficiency
Day 2–3
• Infection
• Drug withdrawal
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Developmental malformation
• Intracranial hemorrhage
• Inborn error of metabolism
• Hyponatremia or hypernatremia
Day >4
• Infection
• Hypocalcemia
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Hyponatremia
• Developmental malformation
• Drug withdrawal
• Inborn error of metabolism
1–6 MONTHS
• As above
6 MONTHS–3 YEARS
• Febrile seizures
• Birth injury
• Infection
• Toxin
• Trauma
• Metabolic disorder
• Cerebral degenerative disease
>3 YEARS
• Idiopathic
• Infection
• Trauma
• Cerebral degenerative disease
FIRST MONTH OF LIFE
First Day
• Hypoxia
• Drugs
• Trauma
• Infection
• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Pyridoxine deficiency
Day 2–3
• Infection
• Drug withdrawal
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Developmental malformation
• Intracranial hemorrhage
• Inborn error of metabolism
• Hyponatremia or hypernatremia
Day >4
• Infection
• Hypocalcemia
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Hyponatremia
• Developmental malformation
• Drug withdrawal
• Inborn error of metabolism
1–6 MONTHS
• As above
6 MONTHS–3 YEARS
• Febrile seizures
• Birth injury
• Infection
• Toxin
• Trauma
• Metabolic disorder
• Cerebral degenerative disease
>3 YEARS
• Idiopathic
• Infection
• Trauma
• Cerebral degenerative disease
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