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Symptoms and Signs - ​Differential Diagnosis of Pediatric Upper GI  Bleeding 
<3 MONTHS
• Swallowed maternal blood
• Gastritis
• Ulcer, stress
• Bleeding diathesis
• Foreign body (nasogastric [NG] tube)
• Vascular malformation
• Duplication
<2 YEARS
• Esophagitis
• Gastritis
• Ulcer
• Pyloric stenosis
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome
• Vascular malformation
• Duplication
<5 YEARS
• Esophagitis
• Gastritis
• Ulcer
• Esophageal varices
• Foreign body
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome
• Hemophilia
• Vascular malformations
5–18 YEARS
• Esophagitis
• Gastritis
• Ulcer
• Esophageal varices
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• Hemophilia
• Vascular malformation
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