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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Tourette’s Syndrome
• Drug intoxication: many drugs are known to induce or to exacerbate tic disorder, including methylphenidate, amphetamines, pemoline, anticholinergics, and antihistamines.
• Head trauma
• Inherited disorders: these include Huntington’s disease, Hallervorden-Spatz disease, and neuroacanthocytosis. All of these should have other abnormalities on neurologic examination.
• Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS)
• Postinfectious encephalitis
• Sporadic tic disorders: these tend to be motor or vocal but not both.
• Sydenham’s chorea: occurs after infection with group A streptococcus
• Drug intoxication: many drugs are known to induce or to exacerbate tic disorder, including methylphenidate, amphetamines, pemoline, anticholinergics, and antihistamines.
• Head trauma
• Inherited disorders: these include Huntington’s disease, Hallervorden-Spatz disease, and neuroacanthocytosis. All of these should have other abnormalities on neurologic examination.
• Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS)
• Postinfectious encephalitis
• Sporadic tic disorders: these tend to be motor or vocal but not both.
• Sydenham’s chorea: occurs after infection with group A streptococcus
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