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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Weight loss
Voluntary: diet, exercise
With increase appetite
Marked increase in physical activity
Malabsorption syndromes
Endocrine: hyperthyroidism, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus,
phaeochromocytomas
With reduced appetite
Chronic systemic illness:
Infections (e.g. TB, brucellosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, HIV) Malignancy
Cardiopulmonary diseases
Gastrointestinal disease
Endocrine diseases, e.g. Addison's disease
Psychiatric: depression, eating disorder (e.g. anorexia nervosa)
Drugs: antidepressants, L-dopa, digoxin, metformin, NSAIDs, alcohol, opiates,
amphetamine, cocaine
Voluntary: diet, exercise
With increase appetite
Marked increase in physical activity
Malabsorption syndromes
Endocrine: hyperthyroidism, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus,
phaeochromocytomas
With reduced appetite
Chronic systemic illness:
Infections (e.g. TB, brucellosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, HIV) Malignancy
Cardiopulmonary diseases
Gastrointestinal disease
Endocrine diseases, e.g. Addison's disease
Psychiatric: depression, eating disorder (e.g. anorexia nervosa)
Drugs: antidepressants, L-dopa, digoxin, metformin, NSAIDs, alcohol, opiates,
amphetamine, cocaine
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