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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Tumour markers, T
a-Fetoprotein: hepatoma, germ-cell tumour, pregnancy, hepatitis, cirrhosis,
open neural tube defects
CA 125: ovarian cancer, other malignancies (breast, endometrial, lung,
pancreas). Benign conditions (endometriosis, fibroids, pelvic inflammatory
disease, peritonitis, cirrhosis)
CA 15-3: breast cancer, benign breast disease
CA 19-9: pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, cholestasis
CEA: colorectal cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, cirrhosis, pancreatitis,
smoking
HCG: pregnancy, germ cell tumours, hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma PLAP: seminoma, smoking, pregnancy, ovarian carcinoma
PSA: prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, digital rectal
examination, (PSA also Twith age and size of the gland)
a-Fetoprotein: hepatoma, germ-cell tumour, pregnancy, hepatitis, cirrhosis,
open neural tube defects
CA 125: ovarian cancer, other malignancies (breast, endometrial, lung,
pancreas). Benign conditions (endometriosis, fibroids, pelvic inflammatory
disease, peritonitis, cirrhosis)
CA 15-3: breast cancer, benign breast disease
CA 19-9: pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, cholestasis
CEA: colorectal cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, cirrhosis, pancreatitis,
smoking
HCG: pregnancy, germ cell tumours, hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma PLAP: seminoma, smoking, pregnancy, ovarian carcinoma
PSA: prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, digital rectal
examination, (PSA also Twith age and size of the gland)
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