Medicine - kembara Xtra

Published on: March 31, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Plantar Fasciitis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Plantar Fasciitis
• Tumor, infection
• Tarsal tunnel syndrome
• Stress fracture
• Other regional tendinitis

Published on: March 31, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Peritoneal Effusion

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Peritoneal Effusion
TRANSUDATES
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure or Decreased Plasma
Oncotic Pressure
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Hepatic cirrhosis
• Hypoproteinemia
EXUDATES
Increased Capillary Permeability or Decreased
Lymphatic Resorption
• Infections (TB, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, secondary
bacterial peritonitis)
• Neoplasms (hepatoma, metastatic carcinoma, lymphoma,
mesothelioma)
• Trauma
• Pancreatitis
• Bile peritonitis (e.g., ruptured gallbladder)
CHYLOUS EFFUSION
Damage or Obstruction to Thoracic Duct
• Trauma
• Lymphoma
• Carcinoma
• Tuberculosis
• Parasitic infection

Published on: March 31, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Secondary Peritonitis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Secondary Peritonitis
• Urologic: nephrolithiasis, interstitial cystitis
• Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
• Postoperative: abscess, sepsis, bowel obstruction, injury to internal organs
• Miscellaneous: abdominal trauma, penetrating wounds, infections secondary to intraperitoneal dialysis
• Gynecologic: ruptured ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ruptured hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, ovarian torsion, degenerating leiomyoma
• Gastrointestinal: perforated viscus, appendicitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), infectious colitis, diverticulitis, acute cholecystitis, peptic ulcer perforation, pancreatitis, bowel obstruction

Published on: March 31, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
• Splenic, hepatic, or pancreatic abscess
• Secondary peritonitis
• Peritoneal abscess
• Perforated peptic ulcer
• Cholecystitis
• Cholangitis
• Appendicitis (in children)

Published on: March 31, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Peritonsillar Abscess

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Peritonsillar Abscess
• Tonsillitis
• Retropharyngeal abscess
• Peritonsillar cellulitis
• Lymphoma
• Infectious mononucleosis
• Epiglottitis
• Dental abscess

Published on: March 30, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pemphigus Vulgaris

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pemphigus Vulgaris
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Erythema multiforme
• Drug eruptions
• Dermatitis herpetiformis
• Cicatricial pemphigoid
• Bullous pemphigoid
• Behçet’s syndrome
• Aphthous stomatitis

Published on: March 30, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Penile Rash

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Penile Rash
• Scabies
• Pediculosis pubis
• Pearly penile papules
• Molluscum contagiosum
• Lichen nitidus
• Herpes simplex 2
• Fox-Fordyce disease (follicular papules)
• Condylomata acuminata
• Balanitis (Candida)

Published on: March 30, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Peptic Ulcer Disease

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Peptic Ulcer Disease
• Pancreatitis
• Other: high small bowel obstruction, pneumonia, subphrenic abscess, early appendicitis
• Nonulcer dyspepsia
• Neoplasm (gastric carcinoma, lymphoma, pancreatic carcinoma)
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Gastritis
• Dissecting aneurysm
• Cholelithiasis syndrome
• Angina pectoris, myocardial infarction (MI), pericarditis

Published on: March 30, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Perianal Pain

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Perianal Pain
• Pruritus ani
• Proctalgia fugax
• Levator ani syndrome
• Internal hemorrhoids
• Idiopathic perineal pain
• Hemorrhoids
• Fissure in ano
• External hemorrhoids
• Descending perineum syndrome
• Coccygodynia
• Chronic perianal pain syndromes
• Anal sepsis
• Anal abscess–anal fistula

Published on: March 30, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pericardial Effusion

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pericardial Effusion
• Uremia
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid disease
• Pericarditis
• Neoplasm (leukemia, lymphoma, metastatic)
• Myxedema
• Myocardial infarction
• Hemorrhage (trauma, leakage of thoracic aneurysm)