Medicine - kembara Xtra

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seborrheic Dermatitis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seborrheic Dermatitis
• Atopic dermatitis
• Candidiasis
• Contact dermatitis
• Erythrasma
• Psoriasis
• Rosacea
• Tinea capitis
• Xerotic eczema

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seborrheic Keratosis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seborrheic Keratosis
• Actinic keratosis
• Lentigo
• Melanoma
• Skin tag
• Wart

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seizure

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seizure
• Alcohol abuse/withdrawal
• Brain tumor (primary or metastatic)
• Carotid sinus hypersensitivity
• Hemiparetic migraine
• Hyperventilation, prolonged breath holding
• Hypoglycemia
• Hyponatremia
• Movement disorders (tics, hemiballismus)
• Narcolepsy
• Psychiatric disorders
• Strychnine, phencyclidine poisoning
• Syncope
• Tetanus
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Absence Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Absence Seizures
• Anxiety disorder
• Complex partial seizures
• Daydreaming
• Psychogenic unresponsiveness

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Febrile Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Febrile Seizures
• Brain abscess
• Encephalitis
• Epilepsy
• Meningitis

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Partial Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Partial Seizures
• Migraine
• Presyncope
• Psychogenic phenomena, anxiety disorder
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pediatric Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Pediatric Seizures
FIRST MONTH OF LIFE
First Day
• Hypoxia
• Drugs
• Trauma
• Infection
• Hyperglycemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Pyridoxine deficiency
Day 2–3
• Infection
• Drug withdrawal
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Developmental malformation
• Intracranial hemorrhage
• Inborn error of metabolism
• Hyponatremia or hypernatremia
Day >4
• Infection
• Hypocalcemia
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Hyponatremia
• Developmental malformation
• Drug withdrawal
• Inborn error of metabolism
1–6 MONTHS
• As above
6 MONTHS–3 YEARS
• Febrile seizures
• Birth injury
• Infection
• Toxin
• Trauma
• Metabolic disorder
• Cerebral degenerative disease
>3 YEARS
• Idiopathic
• Infection
• Trauma
• Cerebral degenerative disease

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Septicemia

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Septicemia
• Acute pancreatitis
• Cardiogenic shock
• Collagen-vascular diseases
• Exposure-induced hypothermia
• Fulminant hepatic failure
• Pulmonary embolism
• Systemic vasculitis
• Toxic ingestion

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Serotonin Syndrome

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Serotonin Syndrome
• Alcohol and opioid withdrawal
• Infection
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
• Substance abuse (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines)
• Thyroid storm

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Salmonellosis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Salmonellosis
OTHER CAUSES OF PROLONGED FEVER
• Malaria
• TB
• Brucellosis
• Amebic liver abscess
OTHER CAUSES OF GASTROENTERITIS
• Bacterial: Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter
• Viral: Norwalk virus, rotavirus
• Parasitic: Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia
• Toxic: enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile