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Symptoms and Signs - ​Differential Diagnosis of Bell’s Palsy
• Sarcoidosis
• Other: Guillain-Barré syndrome, carcinomatous or leukemic meningitis, leprosy, Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
• Neoplasms affecting the base of the skull or the parotid gland
• Multiple sclerosis
• Head trauma with fracture of temporal bone
• Brainstem stroke
• Bacterial infectious process (meningitis, otitis media, osteomyelitis of the base of the skull)
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​Symptoms and Signs - Differential Diagnosis of Dilated Bile Duct 
• Unsuspected bile duct stone
• Sphincter of Oddi stenosis
• Previous bile duct injury
• Post cholecystectomy
• Occult bile duct stricture
• Normal variant
• Extrinsic compression of the bile duct by a primary or secondary neoplasm
• Early carcinoma of the pancreas, carcinoma of the bile duct or carcinoma of the ampulla 
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​Symptoms and Signs - Differential Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
• Secondary manias caused by medical disorder (e.g., renal disease, AIDS, stroke, digoxin toxicity) are frequent.
• Onset of mania after the age of 40 years is suggestive of secondary mania.
• Less severe, and probably distinct, conditions of bipolar type II and cyclothymia are possible.
• Cross-sectional examination of acutely manic patient can be confused with schizophreniform or paranoid psychosis.
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​Symptoms and Signs - Differential Diagnosis of  Arachnids Bites and Stings
• Urticaria
• Tularemia
• Tick-borne relapsing fever
• Tick paralysis
• Rocky Mountain spotted fever
• Other tick-borne illnesses
• Ehrlichiosis
• Community-acquired cutaneous methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection
• Colorado tick fever
• Cellulitis
• Babesiosis
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Symptoms and Signs - ​Differential Diagnosis of Septic Arthritis 
• Viral arthritides
• Trauma
• Spondyloarthropathies such as Reiter’s syndrome
• Septic bursitis
• Rheumatic fever
• Pseudogout
• Osteomyelitis
• Hemarthrosis
• Gout
• Adult or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
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​Symptoms and Signs - Differential Diagnosis of Asthenia
• Sleep disorders
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Renal failure
• Paraneoplastic syndrome
• Medications (e.g., narcotics, sedatives)
• Infections
• Hypothyroidism
• Diabetes
• Depression
• Dehydration/electrolyte disorders
• COPD and other pulmonary disorders
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Anemia
• Addison’s disease
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Symptoms and Signs - Differential Diagnosis of Asthma
• Wegener’s granulomatosis
• TB
• Rhinitis with postnasal drip
• Pulmonary embolism (in adult and elderly patients)
• Pneumonia and other upper respiratory infections
• Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
• Foreign body aspiration (most frequent in younger patients)
• Diffuse interstitial lung disease
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Anxiety disorder
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Symptoms and Signs - ​Differential Diagnosis of Childhood Asthma 
• Vocal cord dysfunction
• Vascular rings
• Tumor, lymphoma
• Tuberculosis, histoplasmosis
• Sinusitis
• Sarcoidosis
• Repaired tracheoesophageal fistula
• Pulmonary thromboembolism
• Psychogenic cough
• Pneumonia
• Periarteritis nodosa
• Laryngotracheomalacia
• H-type tracheoesophageal fistula
• Gastroesophageal reflux
• Foreign body aspiration
• Cystic fibrosis
• Croup
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Ciliary dyskinesia
• Churg-Strauss syndrome
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
• Bronchitis
• Bronchiolitis obliterans
• Bronchiolitis (RSV)
• Bronchiectasis
• B lymphocyte immune defect
• Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
• Allergic alveolitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis
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Kembara Xtra 

Facts about medicine and its subtopic such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, medicine, pediatrics, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology and surgery.