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KembaraXtra-Psychology - artificial scotoma
An artificial scotoma is a blind-spot-like area created experimentally using a display of randomly twinkling spots on a grey background (like television “snow” on an untuned channel) while a small uniform grey square is placed slightly away from the viewer’s fixation point; after about five seconds on average, the square seems to disappear and the area is perceptually “filled in” by the twinkling background. If the background is colored and the square is grey, the color tends to fill in first and the motion-like twinkling fills in afterward. If the whole display is then replaced by uniform non-twinkling grey, a small twinkling square is often seen briefly (about two to three seconds) where the original square had been. These observations show that filling-in is not just failure to notice missing information, but involves active neural representation. The effect was analysed in detail by Vilayanur S. Ramachandran (born 1951) and Richard L. Gregory (1923–2010) and reported in Nature (1991), and it relates to phenomena such as filling-in illusions, modal completion, motion-induced blindness, and the Troxler effect.
An artificial scotoma is a blind-spot-like area created experimentally using a display of randomly twinkling spots on a grey background (like television “snow” on an untuned channel) while a small uniform grey square is placed slightly away from the viewer’s fixation point; after about five seconds on average, the square seems to disappear and the area is perceptually “filled in” by the twinkling background. If the background is colored and the square is grey, the color tends to fill in first and the motion-like twinkling fills in afterward. If the whole display is then replaced by uniform non-twinkling grey, a small twinkling square is often seen briefly (about two to three seconds) where the original square had been. These observations show that filling-in is not just failure to notice missing information, but involves active neural representation. The effect was analysed in detail by Vilayanur S. Ramachandran (born 1951) and Richard L. Gregory (1923–2010) and reported in Nature (1991), and it relates to phenomena such as filling-in illusions, modal completion, motion-induced blindness, and the Troxler effect.
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