Medicine - kembara Xtra

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Shigellosis

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Shigellosis
• Bacterial gastroenteritis
• Dysentery caused by Entamoeba histolytica
• Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
• Pseudomembranous colitis
• Viral gastroenteritis

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Sheehan’s Syndrome

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Sheehan’s Syndrome
• Amyloidosis
• Chronic infections
• Hemochromatosis
• HIV infection
• Lymphocytic hypophysitis
• Metastatic carcinoma
• Rheumatoid disease
• Sarcoidosis

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Anorectal Region

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Anorectal Region
ULCERATIVE
• Lymphogranuloma venereum
• Herpes simplex virus
• Early (primary) syphilis
• Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)
• Cytomegalovirus
• Idiopathic (usually HIV positive)
NONULCERATIVE
• Condyloma acuminatum
• Gonorrhea
• Chlamydia (C. trachomatis)
• Syphilis

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Sexual Precocity

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Sexual Precocity
TRUE PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY
• Premature reactivation of LHRH pulse generator
INCOMPLETE SEXUAL PRECOCITY (PITUITARY
GONADOTROPIN INDEPENDENT)
Males
• Chorionic gonadotropin–secreting tumor
• Leydig cell tumor
• Familial testotoxicosis
• Virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• Virilizing adrenal tumor
• Premature adrenarche
Females
• Granulosa cell tumor (follicular cysts may be manifested similarly)
• Follicular cyst
• Feminizing adrenal tumor
• Premature thelarche
• Premature adrenarche
• Late-onset virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia In Both Sexes
• McCune-Albright syndrome
• Primary hypothyroidism

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Influenza A and B
• Legionella pneumonia
• Respiratory syncytial virus

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seizure

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Seizure
• Alcohol abuse/withdrawal
• Brain tumor (primary or metastatic)
• Carotid sinus hypersensitivity
• Hemiparetic migraine
• Hyperventilation, prolonged breath holding
• Hypoglycemia
• Hyponatremia
• Movement disorders (tics, hemiballismus)
• Narcolepsy
• Psychiatric disorders
• Strychnine, phencyclidine poisoning
• Syncope
• Tetanus
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Absence Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Absence Seizures
• Anxiety disorder
• Complex partial seizures
• Daydreaming
• Psychogenic unresponsiveness

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Febrile Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Febrile Seizures
• Brain abscess
• Encephalitis
• Epilepsy
• Meningitis

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Partial Seizures

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Partial Seizures
• Migraine
• Presyncope
• Psychogenic phenomena, anxiety disorder
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Published on: April 5, 2024

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Serotonin Syndrome

Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Serotonin Syndrome
• Alcohol and opioid withdrawal
• Infection
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
• Substance abuse (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines)
• Thyroid storm