- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Edema of Lower Extremities
• Abdominal pelvic mass: neoplasm, cyst
• Bilateral cellulitis
• Bilateral thrombophlebitis
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Hepatic cirrhosis
• Lymphedema
• Myxedema
• Nephrosis
• Pregnancy
• Retroperitoneal fibrosis
• Varicose veins
• Vena cava thrombosis, venous thrombosis
• Venous compression from abdominal aneurysm
• Abdominal pelvic mass: neoplasm, cyst
• Bilateral cellulitis
• Bilateral thrombophlebitis
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Hepatic cirrhosis
• Lymphedema
• Myxedema
• Nephrosis
• Pregnancy
• Retroperitoneal fibrosis
• Varicose veins
• Vena cava thrombosis, venous thrombosis
• Venous compression from abdominal aneurysm
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
• Autosomal dominant cutis laxa
• Familial joint hypermobility
• Marfan syndrome
• Osteogenesis imperfecta
• Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
• Autosomal dominant cutis laxa
• Familial joint hypermobility
• Marfan syndrome
• Osteogenesis imperfecta
• Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Ejaculation Disorders
• Anxiety disorder
• Erectile dysfunction
• Low seminal volume attributable to hypogonadism or ejaculatory duct obstruction
• Medications (e.g., SSRIs, β-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants)
• Anxiety disorder
• Erectile dysfunction
• Low seminal volume attributable to hypogonadism or ejaculatory duct obstruction
• Medications (e.g., SSRIs, β-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants)
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Digitalis Overdose
• AV node dysfunction
• Calcium channel blockers
• Cardiac conduction abnormalities
• Clonidine
• Cyclic antidepressants
• Electrolyte abnormalities
• Encainide and flecainide
• Foxglove
• Hyperkalemia
• Lily of the valley
• Medications
• Oleander
• Plants producing digitalis-like glycosides
• Procainamide
• Propoxyphene
• Quinidine
• Sick sinus syndrome
• β-Blockers
• AV node dysfunction
• Calcium channel blockers
• Cardiac conduction abnormalities
• Clonidine
• Cyclic antidepressants
• Electrolyte abnormalities
• Encainide and flecainide
• Foxglove
• Hyperkalemia
• Lily of the valley
• Medications
• Oleander
• Plants producing digitalis-like glycosides
• Procainamide
• Propoxyphene
• Quinidine
• Sick sinus syndrome
• β-Blockers
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs- Differential Diagnosis of Diphtheria
• Mononucleosis
• Streptococcal pharyngitis
• Viral pharyngitis
• Mononucleosis
• Streptococcal pharyngitis
• Viral pharyngitis
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Binocular Diplopia
• Cavernous sinus thrombosis
• Cranial nerve palsy (third, fourth, sixth)
• Decompensated strabismus
• Myasthenia gravis
• Orbital pseudotumor
• Orbital trauma with blowout fracture
• Thyroid eye disease
• Cavernous sinus thrombosis
• Cranial nerve palsy (third, fourth, sixth)
• Decompensated strabismus
• Myasthenia gravis
• Orbital pseudotumor
• Orbital trauma with blowout fracture
• Thyroid eye disease
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Monocular Diplopia
• Cataracts
• Corneal disorder (e.g., dry eye, astigmatism)
• Defective contact lenses
• Eyelid twitching
• Foreign body in aqueous or vitreous media
• Lens subluxation
• Lesions of occipital cortex
• Migraine
• Nystagmus
• Poorly fitting bifocals
• Postoperative corrected long-standing tropia
• Psychogenic
• Trauma to iris
• Cataracts
• Corneal disorder (e.g., dry eye, astigmatism)
• Defective contact lenses
• Eyelid twitching
• Foreign body in aqueous or vitreous media
• Lens subluxation
• Lesions of occipital cortex
• Migraine
• Nystagmus
• Poorly fitting bifocals
• Postoperative corrected long-standing tropia
• Psychogenic
• Trauma to iris
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Vertical Diplopia
• Botulism
• Brainstem or cerebellar lesions
• Dysthyroid orbitopathy (muscle infiltration)
• Hydrocephalus
• Lymphoma or metastases affecting the orbits
• Myasthenia
• Myositis or pseudotumor with orbital involvement
• Superior oblique palsy
• Third nerve palsy
• Wernicke’s encephalopathy
• Botulism
• Brainstem or cerebellar lesions
• Dysthyroid orbitopathy (muscle infiltration)
• Hydrocephalus
• Lymphoma or metastases affecting the orbits
• Myasthenia
• Myositis or pseudotumor with orbital involvement
• Superior oblique palsy
• Third nerve palsy
• Wernicke’s encephalopathy
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs -Differential Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)
• Actinic keratosis
• Dermatomyositis
• Keratoacanthoma
• Lichen planus
• Photosensitivity eruption
• Psoriasis
• Rosacea
• Sarcoidosis
• Secondary syphilis
• Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
• Superficial fungal infections
• Actinic keratosis
• Dermatomyositis
• Keratoacanthoma
• Lichen planus
• Photosensitivity eruption
• Psoriasis
• Rosacea
• Sarcoidosis
• Secondary syphilis
• Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
• Superficial fungal infections
- Published on
Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
• Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
• Hepatic necrosis: normal or elevated factor VIII concentrations
• Renal failure, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sickle cell crisis, dysfibrinogenemias
• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Vitamin K deficiency: normal platelet count
• Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
• Hepatic necrosis: normal or elevated factor VIII concentrations
• Renal failure, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sickle cell crisis, dysfibrinogenemias
• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Vitamin K deficiency: normal platelet count
