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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Female Genital Discharge
• Cervical ectropion
• Fistula
• Foreign body: tampon, cervical cap, other
• Individual variation
• Infection
• Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)
• Menstrual cycle variation
• Neoplasm
• Nongenital causes: urinary incontinence, urinary tract fistula, Crohn’s disease, rectovaginal fistula
• Physiologic discharge: cervical mucus, vaginal transudation, bacteria, squamous epithelial cells
• Pregnancy
• Sexual response
• Spermicide
• Cervical ectropion
• Fistula
• Foreign body: tampon, cervical cap, other
• Individual variation
• Infection
• Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)
• Menstrual cycle variation
• Neoplasm
• Nongenital causes: urinary incontinence, urinary tract fistula, Crohn’s disease, rectovaginal fistula
• Physiologic discharge: cervical mucus, vaginal transudation, bacteria, squamous epithelial cells
• Pregnancy
• Sexual response
• Spermicide
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Genital Sores
• Chancroid
• Condyloma acuminatum
• Granuloma inguinale
• Herpes genitalis
• Lymphogranuloma venereum
• Neoplastic lesion
• Syphilis
• Trauma
• Chancroid
• Condyloma acuminatum
• Granuloma inguinale
• Herpes genitalis
• Lymphogranuloma venereum
• Neoplastic lesion
• Syphilis
• Trauma
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis
• Infections
• Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION)
• Occult neoplasm, multiple myeloma
• Other vasculitic syndromes
• Primary amyloidosis
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke
• Infections
• Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION)
• Occult neoplasm, multiple myeloma
• Other vasculitic syndromes
• Primary amyloidosis
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Giardiasis
• Noninfectious causes of malabsorption
• Other agents of infective diarrhea (e.g., amebae, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Cryptosporidium)
• Noninfectious causes of malabsorption
• Other agents of infective diarrhea (e.g., amebae, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Cryptosporidium)
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Gilbert’s Disease
• Crigler-Najjar syndrome
• Hemolytic anemia
• Liver disease (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis)
• Crigler-Najjar syndrome
• Hemolytic anemia
• Liver disease (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis)
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Gingivitis
• Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
• Aphthous stomatitis
• Chronic periodontal disease
• Desquamative gingivitis
• Gingival hyperplasia, which may be caused by long-term use of phenytoin or nifedipine
• Gonococcal and streptococcal gingivostomatitis
• HIV infection–associated idiopathic ulcerations
• Ludwig’s angina
• Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)
• Oral candidiasis
• Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis
• Aphthous stomatitis
• Chronic periodontal disease
• Desquamative gingivitis
• Gingival hyperplasia, which may be caused by long-term use of phenytoin or nifedipine
• Gonococcal and streptococcal gingivostomatitis
• HIV infection–associated idiopathic ulcerations
• Ludwig’s angina
• Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)
• Oral candidiasis
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma
• Contact lens injury
• Other optic neuropathies
• Red eye differential
• Secondary glaucoma from inflammation and steroid therapy
• Trauma
• Contact lens injury
• Other optic neuropathies
• Red eye differential
• Secondary glaucoma from inflammation and steroid therapy
• Trauma
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma
• Allergies
• Conjunctivitis
• Contact lens wearing with irritation
• Corneal disease, keratitis
• Field loss
• High pressure
• Open-angle glaucoma
• Optic nerve cupping
• Scleritis
• Shallow chamber
• Uveitis
• Allergies
• Conjunctivitis
• Contact lens wearing with irritation
• Corneal disease, keratitis
• Field loss
• High pressure
• Open-angle glaucoma
• Optic nerve cupping
• Scleritis
• Shallow chamber
• Uveitis
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Glenohumeral Dislocation
• Anterior instability
• Frozen shoulder (posterior dislocation)
• Rotator cuff rupture
• Suprascapular nerve paralysis
• Anterior instability
• Frozen shoulder (posterior dislocation)
• Rotator cuff rupture
• Suprascapular nerve paralysis
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Symptoms and Signs – Differential Diagnosis of Acute Glomerulonephritis
• Acute interstitial nephritis
• Cirrhosis with edema and ascites
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
• Severe hypertension
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), diabetes mellitus (DM), amyloidosis, preeclampsia, sclerodermal renal crisis
• Acute interstitial nephritis
• Cirrhosis with edema and ascites
• Congestive heart failure (CHF)
• Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
• Severe hypertension
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), diabetes mellitus (DM), amyloidosis, preeclampsia, sclerodermal renal crisis
