psychology 

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KembaraXtra-Psychology - autoregression
Autoregression is a time-series property where each value can be expressed as a linear function of a preceding value (first-order) or multiple preceding values (higher-order). Even first-order autoregression gives the series “memory” because each value becomes correlated with earlier ones. It relates to ARIMA models, autocorrelation, and correlograms.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - autoscopic phenomena
Autoscopic phenomena are hallucinatory experiences in which a person perceives their own face or body in front of them as if seeing a mirror image, typically appearing colourless and transparent.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - autoshaping
Autoshaping is a conditioning phenomenon where an animal develops a response to a stimulus without reinforcement for the response itself, because it learns the contingency between a conditioned stimulus and reinforcement; for example, pigeons may learn to peck an illuminated key that reliably precedes food delivery. It is compared with shaping.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - autosomal disorder
An autosomal disorder is a genetic disorder determined by a gene on an autosome rather than a sex chromosome, such as Huntington’s disease or phenylketonuria.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - autosome
An autosome is any chromosome that is not one of the sex chromosomes (X or Y); autosomal describes what relates to autosomes.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - autotopagnosia
Autotopagnosia is impaired ability to identify parts of one’s own body, often indicating a lesion along pathways between the thalamus and parietal lobe. It is frequently misspelled autopagnosia, is related to forms of agnosia such as finger agnosia, and is compared with asomatagnosia and topagnosia.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - availability
Availability is the condition of being obtainable, and in cognitive psychology it means that information in long-term memory is potentially retrievable if appropriate cues, prompts, or strategies are used. An “available” memory is one that can be retrieved in principle, and it is contrasted with accessibility.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - availability heuristic
The availability heuristic is a judgment shortcut where people estimate frequency or probability by how many examples come to mind easily, which can bias decisions. A classic illustration is that many people think there are more English words beginning with “k” than words with “k” as the third letter because initial-k words are easier to recall, even though typical texts contain about twice as many words with “k” as the third letter. The heuristic was identified in 1973 by Amos Tversky (1937–96) and Daniel Kahneman (born 1934) and relates to illusory correlation and the simulation heuristic.​

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KembaraXtra-Psychology - available memory
Available memory is a memory that is potentially retrievable, aligning with the cognitive meaning of availability.


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KembaraXtra-Psychology - average
Average is an informal term for a typical value in a set of scores, and when made precise it most often refers to the arithmetic mean; historically the word relates to shared losses in trade.


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