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KembaraXtra-Psychology - attenuation
Attenuation means a weakening or reduction in force or value. In statistics, it specifically refers to a correlation being smaller than its true theoretical magnitude because of measurement error in one or both variables. A common correction assumes errors are uncorrelated with true scores and with each other, and estimates the true correlation as the observed correlation divided by the geometric mean of the measures’ reliabilities; the term comes from Latin meaning “to make thin.”
Attenuation means a weakening or reduction in force or value. In statistics, it specifically refers to a correlation being smaller than its true theoretical magnitude because of measurement error in one or both variables. A common correction assumes errors are uncorrelated with true scores and with each other, and estimates the true correlation as the observed correlation divided by the geometric mean of the measures’ reliabilities; the term comes from Latin meaning “to make thin.”
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - attention span
Attention span can mean (1) how long a person can keep attending to something, or (2) the same concept as the span of apprehension; it connects with ideas such as chunking and the “magical number seven.”
Attention span can mean (1) how long a person can keep attending to something, or (2) the same concept as the span of apprehension; it connects with ideas such as chunking and the “magical number seven.”
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - attensity
Attensity is a term introduced by E. B. Titchener (1867–1927) to describe the special clarity of a sensation when it is the focus of attention compared with sensations outside focal attention.
Attensity is a term introduced by E. B. Titchener (1867–1927) to describe the special clarity of a sensation when it is the focus of attention compared with sensations outside focal attention.
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - attachment theory
Attachment theory, proposed in 1951 by John Bowlby (1907–90), argues that infants have an inborn biological need for close contact with the mother or primary caregiver, with a normal bond typically forming within the first six months through caregiver responsiveness. Bowlby emphasized that maternal deprivation during this critical period can harm psychological development, and the theory is linked with ideas such as anaclitic depression, hospitalism, separation anxiety, and love, and is compared with imprinting.
Attachment theory, proposed in 1951 by John Bowlby (1907–90), argues that infants have an inborn biological need for close contact with the mother or primary caregiver, with a normal bond typically forming within the first six months through caregiver responsiveness. Bowlby emphasized that maternal deprivation during this critical period can harm psychological development, and the theory is linked with ideas such as anaclitic depression, hospitalism, separation anxiety, and love, and is compared with imprinting.
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - atropine
Atropine is a poisonous alkaloid from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) that acts as a muscarinic antagonist, blocking acetylcholine effects in the parasympathetic nervous system and thereby paralysing smooth muscles. It is used medically as a pre-anaesthetic drug and as an antidote to chemical nerve agents, and historically it was used by poisoners; because it dilates pupils, it has also been used cosmetically and is still used for eye examinations. It relates to compounds such as belladonna, hyoscyamine, scopolamine, and others, and is compared with agents like curare, scopolamine, and strychnine; its name references Atropos, the Fate associated with cutting the thread of life.
Atropine is a poisonous alkaloid from deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) that acts as a muscarinic antagonist, blocking acetylcholine effects in the parasympathetic nervous system and thereby paralysing smooth muscles. It is used medically as a pre-anaesthetic drug and as an antidote to chemical nerve agents, and historically it was used by poisoners; because it dilates pupils, it has also been used cosmetically and is still used for eye examinations. It relates to compounds such as belladonna, hyoscyamine, scopolamine, and others, and is compared with agents like curare, scopolamine, and strychnine; its name references Atropos, the Fate associated with cutting the thread of life.
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - atrophy
Atrophy is the wasting or degeneration of an organ, tissue, or body part due to disease, poor nutrition, or disuse, and it is contrasted with hypertrophy; the word comes from Greek roots connected to “nourishment.”
Atrophy is the wasting or degeneration of an organ, tissue, or body part due to disease, poor nutrition, or disuse, and it is contrasted with hypertrophy; the word comes from Greek roots connected to “nourishment.”
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - ATPase
ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase, pronounced “ay-tee-pee-aze”) is an enzyme that converts ATP into ADP when energy is used in neural or muscular activity. It uses the released energy to pump proteins across cell membranes and helps maintain intracellular pH. It can also synthesize ATP via a membrane-based rotary motor mechanism, where a rotating shaft drives a protruding head that produces ATP as it spins.
ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase, pronounced “ay-tee-pee-aze”) is an enzyme that converts ATP into ADP when energy is used in neural or muscular activity. It uses the released energy to pump proteins across cell membranes and helps maintain intracellular pH. It can also synthesize ATP via a membrane-based rotary motor mechanism, where a rotating shaft drives a protruding head that produces ATP as it spins.
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - ATP
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a nucleotide produced in mitochondria during the Krebs cycle in plant and animal cells, functioning mainly as an energy store that releases energy when ATP is converted by ATPase into ADP during nerve impulses and muscle contractions; it can also be converted by adenylate cyclase into cyclic AMP, which serves as a second messenger.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a nucleotide produced in mitochondria during the Krebs cycle in plant and animal cells, functioning mainly as an energy store that releases energy when ATP is converted by ATPase into ADP during nerve impulses and muscle contractions; it can also be converted by adenylate cyclase into cyclic AMP, which serves as a second messenger.
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - atonia
Atonia (also called atony) is the absence of normal muscle tonus, and it is linked to phenomena such as cataplexy, REM atonia, sleep paralysis, and is contrasted with dystonia; the term derives from Greek roots meaning “without tone.”
Atonia (also called atony) is the absence of normal muscle tonus, and it is linked to phenomena such as cataplexy, REM atonia, sleep paralysis, and is contrasted with dystonia; the term derives from Greek roots meaning “without tone.”
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KembaraXtra-Psychology - Asperger’s disorder
Asperger’s disorder refers to a relatively mild presentation within autism spectrum disorder, historically described as a pervasive developmental disorder marked by severe and persistent social interaction difficulties alongside restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviours, interests, or activities that create clinically significant impairment in daily life. Unlike more severe autism presentations, it is described as lacking the characteristic language and cognitive deficits, though it is otherwise similar, and it is reported more often in males. It is compared with schizoid personality disorder and is named after Hans Asperger (1906–80), who described it in 1944.
Asperger’s disorder refers to a relatively mild presentation within autism spectrum disorder, historically described as a pervasive developmental disorder marked by severe and persistent social interaction difficulties alongside restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviours, interests, or activities that create clinically significant impairment in daily life. Unlike more severe autism presentations, it is described as lacking the characteristic language and cognitive deficits, though it is otherwise similar, and it is reported more often in males. It is compared with schizoid personality disorder and is named after Hans Asperger (1906–80), who described it in 1944.
