Differential Diagnosis of Amblyopia
Differential Diagnosis of Amblyopia • CNS disease (brainstem) • Corneal or other eye diseases • Optic nerve disorders
Differential Diagnosis of Amebiasis
Differential Diagnosis of Amebiasis • Infectious enterocolitis syndromes, such as those caused by Shigella, Salmonella Campylobacter, or invasive Escherichia coli • Ischemic bowel in elderly patients • Ulcerative colitis
Differential Diagnosis of Amenorrhea
Differential Diagnosis of Amenorrhea • Uterovaginal abnormalities • Pregnancy • Pituitary dysfunction: neoplasm, postpartum hemorrhage, surgery, radiotherapy • Ovarian dysfunction: gonadal dysgenesis, 17α-hydroxylase deficiency, premature ovarian failure,
Differential Diagnosis of Amnesia
Differential Diagnosis of Amnesia • Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome • Psychosis • Postsurgical (e.g., mammillary body surgery, bilateral temporal lobectomy) • Medications (e.g., midazolam and other benzodiazepines) • Malingering • Infections (herpes simplex e
Differential Diagnosis of Amyloidosis
Differential Diagnosis of Amyloidosis Differential variable, depending on the organ involvement • Restrictive cardiac (endomyocardial fibrosis, viral myocarditis) • Renal involvement (toxin- or drug-induced necrosis, glomerulonephritis, renal vein thrombo
Differential Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Differential Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) • Syringomyelia • Syringobulbia • Spinal stenosis with compression of lumbosacral nerve roots • Spinal muscular atrophy • Polyglucosan body disease • Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) with cond
Differential Diagnosis of Anaerobic Infections
Differential Diagnosis of Anaerobic Infections • Ischemic necrosis without accompanying anaerobic infection (or “dry” gangrene [noninfected necrosis] vs. “wet” gangrene [infected tissue with anaerobic infection]) • Primary differential possibility is an a
Differential Diagnosis of Airway Obstruction, Pediatric
Differential Diagnosis of Airway Obstruction, Pediatric Age20 • Vocal cord paralysis • Vocal cord paralysis • Vascular ring • Trauma • Tracheal stenosis • Thermal/chemical burn • Supraglottic hypotonia • Spasmodic croup • Retropharyngeal abscess • Mononuc
Differential Diagnosis of Akinetic/Rigid Syndrome
Differential Diagnosis of Akinetic/Rigid Syndrome • Toxins (MPTP, manganese, carbon monoxide [CO]) • Progressive supranuclear palsy • Parkinsonism (idiopathic, drug induced) • Multisystem atrophy (Shy-Drager syndrome, olivopontocerebellar atrophy) • Hunt
Differential Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism
Differential Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism • Renovascular hypertension • Other endocrine neoplasm (pheochromocytoma, deoxycorticosterone-producing tumor, renin-secreting tumor) • Hypokalemia from vomiting, diarrhea • Diuretic use
