Chemistry - Distillation

Chemistry -Distillation
Distillation is used to separate liquid from a mixture.
Simple distillation
The condenser has two tubes, one inside the other. Cold water runs through the space between the two tubes, keeping the condenser cold. The cooling water does not mix with the substance being separated.
In a mixture of two liquids, the liquid with the lower boiling point is collected as the distillate.
In a solution of a solid in water, the water is collected as the distillate.

Fractional Distillation
Fractional distillation is used to separate a mixture of more than two liquids using the laboratory apparatus shown.
The column is packed with glass beads. The different liquids leave the top of the column in order of increasing boiling point.