Dermatology - Acne
Acne is a common condition that affects around 85 percent of young people. It normally shows its first symptoms during puberty, but it can also show up for the first time at the age of 25 or later. In men, acne is more severe than it is in women, and those of Asian and African heritage have a lower incidence of acne than those of other ethnicities. Hereditary background and familial propensity are also factors that contribute to the condition. The majority of people who suffer from cystic acne have at least one parent who has a history of severe acne. Lesions can be painful, particularly those of the nodulocystic kind, and they can last anywhere from a few weeks to many months. The symptoms are typically more severe throughout the fall and winter months. In addition to the buttocks, lesions can be found on the face, neck, torso, and upper arms. There are two types of comedones: open comedones (blackheads) and closed comedones (whiteheads). Pseudopustules, also known as papulopustular acne, are characterized by a papule that is topped by a pustule. The diameter of nodules or cysts ranges from one to four centimeters; nodulocystic acne is characterized by soft nodules that are the consequence of frequent follicular ruptures and reencapsulations, along with inflammation, abscess formation (cysts), and a reaction to foreign bodies. The presence of comedones is necessary for the diagnosis of any form of acne; however, comedones are not a characteristic of acne-like conditions or the conditions listed below: The face is affected by rosacea, perioral dermatitis, pseudofolliculitis barbae, and folliculitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Folliculitis caused by Malassezia, pseudomonas folliculitis, often known as "hot-tub" folliculitis, and folliculitis caused by S. aureus. a mild kind of acne Benzoyl peroxide gels (2%, 5%, or 10%) and topical antibiotics (clindamycin and erythromycin) should be applied to the affected area. When using topical retinoids, it is possible to use them with specific directions for gradual increases of 0.01% to 0.025% to 0.05% cream/gel or liquid, as well as in combination with benzoyl peroxide–erythromycin gels. Without first undergoing a pretreatment with topical retinoids, extraction is not beneficial unless it is performed correctly. Medium-sized acne To the treatment plan described above, add oral antibiotics. It is recommended that you take either minocycline (50–100 mg twice day) or doxycycline (50–100 mg twice daily) and gradually reduce your dosage to 50 mg/day as your acne improves. Isotretinoin used orally has been shown to be useful in preventing scarring. Extremely severe acne Cystic or conglobate acne, as well as any other type of acne that is resistant to therapy, should be treated with isotretinoin as part of a systemic treatment.
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