​Dermatology - Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma

​Dermatology -  Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma 
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that is invading the body
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a type of keratinocyte tumor that is commonly found in precancerous lesions and originates in the epidermis. The aggressiveness of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) varies depending on the etiology and the extent of differentiation.
UV irradiation is the root cause of skin cancer, which typically manifests itself in those who are older than 55 years old. The human papillomavirus (HPV) can potentially contribute to the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Individuals who are immunocompromised or who suffer from chronic inflammation (such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus, ulcers, burn scars, radiation dermatitis, or lichen planus of oral mucosa) are at a higher risk. Another factor that contributes to the chance of developing cancer is being exposed to industrial carcinogens such as arsenic, pitch, tar, crude paraffin oil, fuel oil, creosote, lubricating oil, and nitrosoureas.

In most cases, SCC does not exhibit any symptoms. Potential carcinogens are frequently only detectable after a comprehensive history has been compiled. The presence of lymphadenopathy is possible.
lesions (plural)
There is a rapid progression of lesions; invasive squamous cell carcinoma can appear within a few weeks and is frequently unpleasant and/or uncomfortable. Squamous cell carcinomas that have undergone a high degree of differentiation almost usually exhibit evidence of keratinization either within or on the surface (hyperkeratosis) of the tumor, and they are firm or hard when palpated. Squamous cell carcinomas that are poorly differentiated do not exhibit any evidence of keratinization and, clinically speaking, have a fleshy and granulomatous appearance. As a result, they are soft when palpated.
Papules, plaques, or nodules that are indurated and with adherent, thick keratotic scales or hyperkeratosis are examples of differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. There is a possibility that the lesion will have a crust in the middle and a solid, hyperkeratotic, raised margin when it has been eroded or ulcerated. Erythematous, yellowish, or skin-colored material that is hard, polygonal, oval, circular, or umbilicated and ulcerated can be expressed from the margin or the center of the lesion. Horny material can also be expressed from the center of the lesion.

The clinical diagnosis is followed by a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Examination for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is required for any persistent lump, plaque, or ulcer, but it is especially important when these conditions arise in sun-damaged skin, on the lower lips, in areas of radiodermatitis, in old burn scars, or on the genitalia.
The clinical presentation of differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma may be identical.


It is recommended that the lesion be removed through primary closure, skin flaps, or grafting, depending on its location and the degree of the lesion. When dealing with problematic areas, Mohs micrographic surgery can be helpful. In the event that surgery is not an option, radiotherapy should be an alternative treatment.