Dermatology - Non Genital Human Papillomavirus ( HPV) Infection

Dermatology - Non Genital Human Papillomavirus ( HPV) Infection 
Human HPV is widely distributed and can cause subclinical infections, a variety of benign clinical lesions on the skin and mucous membranes (such as warts), and, more dangerously, premalignancies of the cutaneous and mucosal mucosa and squamous cell carcinoma. Keratinized skin is frequently infected by some kinds.

Cutaneous warts, which can range in size from tiny papules to enormous plaques (1–10 mm or greater), are distinct, benign epithelial hyperplasia with variable degrees of surface hyperkeratosis. Lesions appear at locations of minor skin injuries and are distinct, dispersed, and solitary. The pathognomonic "red or brown dots" during dermoscopy indicate thrombosed dermal papilla capillary loops. The plantar surface of the foot has a tiny, shiny papule that develops into a plaque with a rough, hyperkeratotic surface and brown or black spots scattered throughout. Tenderness may be noticeable, particularly in some acute kinds and in lesions over pressure points like the metatarsal head.

Molluscum contagiosum, seborrheic keratosis, actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma in situ, syringoma, tinea versicolor, and superficial basal cell carcinoma are among the differential diagnoses that accompany the clinical diagnosis.

Given that spontaneous resolution typically takes place over the course of several months or years, aggressive interventions should generally be avoided as they can be extremely painful and leave scars. More intensive therapy are necessary for plantar warts that cause pain due to their position. There are inexpensive, very effective over-the-counter medications that cause very little discomfort. Use a 10%–20% salicylic acid and lactic acid in collodion with occlusion for small lesions, and 40% salicylic acid plaster for one week before applying the mixture in collodion for larger lesions. Options for treating resistant warts include electrosurgery, which is more successful but has a higher risk of scarring, or light cryosurgery with a cotton-tipped applicator or cryospray, which involves freezing the wart and 1-2 mm of surrounding normal tissue for about 30 seconds and repeating the procedure every four weeks.